Salivary Secretory Disorders, Inducing Drugs, and Clinical Management

Abstract

Background: Salivary secretory disorders can be the result of a wide range of factors. Their prevalence and negative effects on the patient's quality of life oblige the clinician to confront the issue.Aim: To review the salivary secretory disorders, inducing drugs and their clinical management.Methods: In this article, a literature search of these dysfunctions was conducted with the assistance of a research librarian in the MEDLINE/PubMed Database.Results: Xerostomia, or dry mouth syndrome, can be caused by medication, systemic diseases such as Sjögren's Syndrome, glandular pathologies, and radiotherapy of the head and neck. Treatment of dry mouth is aimed at both minimizing its symptoms and preventing oral complications with the employment of sialogogues and topical acting substances. Sialorrhea and drooling, are mainly due to medication or neurological systemic disease. There are various therapeutic, pharmacologic, and surgical alternatives for its management. The pharmacology of most of the substances employed for the treatment of salivary disorders is well-known. Nevertheless, in some cases a significant improvement in salivary function has not been observed after their administration.Conclusion: At present, there are numerous frequently prescribed drugs whose unwanted effects include some kind of salivary disorder. In addition, the differing pathologic mechanisms, and the great variety of existing treatments hinder the clinical management of these patients.The authors have designed an algorithm to facilitate the decision making process when physicians, oral surgeons, or dentists face these salivary dysfunctions.

Efficacy of Incobotulinumtoxin Type A (Xeomin®) in the Management of Sialorrhea in Neurodegenerative Diseases

“…Advantages for patient subjected to these therapeutic treatment are important for lower incidence of aspiration pneumonia, macerations, rhagades and fissures in perioral region (so infections) and because decrease emargination and awkwardness in these patients that minimize relationship for embarrassment of drooling [29].…”

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“…Sialorrhea or hypersalivation is the increased flow of saliva diagnosed by quantitative sialometry . Drooling is not necessarily a consequence of hypersalivation, where flow and production of saliva can be normal but there is inadequate handling of the saliva .…”

“…Sialorrhea or hypersalivation is the increased flow of saliva diagnosed by quantitative sialometry . Drooling is not necessarily a consequence of hypersalivation, where flow and production of saliva can be normal but there is inadequate handling of the saliva . Sialorrhea and drooling can be stigmatising and embarrassing for patients, with potential consequences being sleep disturbance and social impairment .…”

Retroductal Nanoparticle Injection to the Murine Submandibular Gland

“…Salivary gland dysfunction has many etiologies, including Sjögren’s syndrome, an autoimmune mediated loss of functional secretory tissue, and radiation induced hyposalivation (RIH), a common sequella of head and neck cancer radiotherapy 1 . Loss of salivary function due to either condition predisposes individuals to oral and systemic infection, tooth decay, digestive and swallowing dysfunction, speech impairment, and major depression 1–3 .…”

“…Loss of salivary function due to either condition predisposes individuals to oral and systemic infection, tooth decay, digestive and swallowing dysfunction, speech impairment, and major depression 1–3 . As a result, quality of life significantly suffers, with interventions limited to palliation of symptoms rather than cure 4 .…”