Salivary parameters among Arabian snuff (Shammah) users

Alakhali, Mohammed Sultan; Halboub, Esam; Mujam, Osama H.; Alahmar, Noor M.; Jerah, Salehah A.; Mutawwam, Fahad Ahmed

doi:10.15537/smj.2017.12.20973

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The incidence rates of oral cancer in these countries for females and males were 1.8 and 2.6, respectively, per 100,000 per annum in 2015 (Ferlay et al, 2015). Chewing habits, such as chewing Shamma, tobacco, and khat are extensively used in Arabic countries (Al-Ak'hali et al, 2017). There is a strong relationship between chewing Shamma and oral cancer (Basha et al, 2019).…”

Section: Quality Assessment Of Information On Oral Cancer Provided Atmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality Assessment of Information on Oral Cancer Provided at Arabic Speaking Websites

Alakhali

2020

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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Background: Patients often use Inernet to explore information about their health and disease. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of information on oral cancer provided at Arabic websites. Material and Method: The translated Arabic keywords of "oral cancer" and treatment of oral cancer" and 6 search engines were used. The top 100 websites were selected. Irrelevant and duplicates websites were excluded. To evaluate the quality of websites and their information, DISCERN, HON, and JAMA benchmarks were used. Results: The majority (n = 64, 74.4%) of websites were founded by profit organizations. The mean overall rating was 2.23 (1.6) out of 5 and the median overall rating was 1 (1-3) based on DISCERN. According to HON, only 4.7% of the websites achieved a high score (≥75) and 37.2% of the websites gained a low score (<50). Based on JAMA benchmarks, 15% of the websites did not fulfill any criteria and only 2% of them fulfilled the four criteria proposed by the JAMA benchmarks. Conclusion: This study suggested the poor quality of web-based Arabic information on oral cancer. It is recommended to develop a websites based system by which enable to the Arabic websites related to oral cancer know their shortfalls, therefore, improve their quality according to evaluation tools which will ensure finding reliable data from the websites.

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Section: Quality Assessment Of Information On Oral Cancer Provided Atmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality Assessment of Information on Oral Cancer Provided at Arabic Speaking Websites

Alakhali

2020

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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“…20 , 21 This hypothesis is reinforced by several in-vitro studies reporting genotoxic and DNA-damaging effects of different smokeless tobacco products that is mediated through production of reactive oxygen species. 37 In fact, epidemiological studies have revealed higher odds of oral and upper aerodigestive tract cancers in tobacco users than in non-users. 38 In the literature, TAC is reduced among smokers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Capacity in Smokeless Tobacco (Naswar) Users

Ahmad¹,

Binmadi²,

Afridi³

et al. 2023

CCIDE

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Background: Naswar, a smokeless tobacco product, commonly consumed in Pakistan, is associated with a 10-fold increase in the risk of oral cancer. However, little is known about Naswar's underlying toxicity mechanisms. Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the effects of Naswar use on oral health and salivary parameters. Methods: A case-control study was conducted among Naswar users (n=42) and age-matched healthy controls (n=42) in Pakistan in 2019. Participant data were collected using questionnaires. Decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) scores were computed during clinical examinations. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected to assess salivary flow rate, pH, and salivary total oxidative stress (TOS)/total antioxidant capacity (TAC) using commercially available kits. Participants' oral health parameters were compared between cases and controls using ANOVA. Results: No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of age, oral health, and hygiene practices and mean DMFT score. Mean salivary pH and the salivary flow rate was significantly (p<0.001) higher in Naswar users (7.7 and 0.71 mL/ minute, respectively) than in non-users (6.95 and 0.52 mL/minute, respectively). Although TOS and TAC were not significantly different between the groups, Naswar users generally had a higher TOS (51.6±42 µmol/L) and lower TAC (0.55±0.18 mmol/L) than non-users (TOS 45.5±38.2 µmol/L and TAC 0.57±0.17 mmol/L). Correlational analysis also revealed a significant positive correlation between DMFT score and Naswar use duration (r=0.796, p<0.001) and the number of dips/units consumed each day (r=0.515; p<0.001). Conclusion: Habitual Naswar use is associated with increased salivary flow rate, pH, and TOS, and reduced TAC levels in Pakistani adults compared to non-users. The pro-oxidant changes may contribute toward deleterious effects of Naswar use including oral cancer.

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Assessments of the Quality, Understandability, and Actionability of Arabic Web-Based Content on Oral Cancer and Precancerous Disorders

Alsoghier

2024

Saudi J Health Syst Res

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Introduction: Empowering high-risk individuals to oral cancer and potentially cancerous disorders with written health information is needed for early detection of mucosal changes and self-care. This infodemiological study aimed to assess the web-based and Arabic content related to these disorders when quickly searching the internet. Methods: The top 20 websites yielded from each of the 7 searches were initially screened for eligibility (oral cancer, leukoplakia, erythroplakia, oral submucous fibrosis, oral lichen planus, oral lichenoid lesions, and oral graft-versus-host disease). These related to search terms written for healthcare consumers were assessed for website characteristics, quality criteria (4 JAMA benchmarks [authorship, attribution, disclosure, and currency] and Health on the Net seal), and understandability and actionability (Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool). The latter was scored from 0 to 100% based on meeting the criteria. Data representation and analysis were performed using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS. Results: Of the screened 140 websites, 70 (50%) were included in the analysis for all search terms, with oral cancer and lichen planus yielding the most relevant websites (19 and 17, respectively). Commercial and not-for-profit organisations created 50% of the analysed websites. The analysed content was mainly presented as medical facts (71%), often without presenting audiovisual aids (61%). The average JAMA benchmarks achieved per website were 2.5 out of 4, of which “disclosure” and “attribution” were often missing in more than 70% of these websites. Content related to oral cancer and leukoplakia considerably obtained higher average quality benchmarks than other disorders. Acceptable levels for understandability and actionability (≥70%) were found in 52% and 15% of all materials. Conclusion: Patients with these oral disorders seeking web-based information before or after healthcare visits are unlikely to find sufficient and reliable content they can understand and act upon accordingly. Thus, healthcare stakeholders may consider creating and integrating reliable information resources within the health services to support the patients’ informed decision-making on their care plans and to maintain value-based healthcare services in line with Saudi Arabia’s healthcare transformation vision for 2030.

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Salivary parameters among Arabian snuff (Shammah) users

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Quality Assessment of Information on Oral Cancer Provided at Arabic Speaking Websites

Quality Assessment of Information on Oral Cancer Provided at Arabic Speaking Websites

Salivary Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Capacity in Smokeless Tobacco (Naswar) Users

Assessments of the Quality, Understandability, and Actionability of Arabic Web-Based Content on Oral Cancer and Precancerous Disorders

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