Salivary microbiota and inflammation‐related proteins in patients with psoriasis

Belstrøm, Daniel; Eiberg, Jonas; Enevold, Christian; Grande, Maria Anastasia; Jensen, Claus Antonio Juel; Skov, Lone; Hansen, Peter Riis

doi:10.1111/odi.13277

Cited by 23 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Multiple explanations may account for these discrepancies, including the nature of the inflammatory molecules studied as well as the different clinical status of the participants in the two studies. Nevertheless, we have previously demonstrated significantly different transferrin levels in saliva in patients with periodontitis and healthy controls [ 27 ], which is why these were included in the present study. Future studies are needed to validate if the changes in transferrin levels could be interpreted as an indirect effect of the probiotic strains tested.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Participants were briefed through video, verbal and written instructions to collect two different saliva samples. First, a stimulated Salivette ® saliva sample was collected as described in our recent study [ 27 ], followed by a paraffin-stimulated saliva sample as previously described [ 33 ]. Thus, a minimum of 1 mL of stimulated saliva was collected.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis of NGAL and transferrin (ng/mL) was performed as previously described [ 27 ]. The samples were thawed at room temperature spun down at 2000G for 5 min and transferred to standard 13-mm analysis tubes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Probiotics on the Salivary Microbiota and Salivary Levels of Inflammation-Related Proteins during Short-Term Sugar Stress: A Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2021

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Background: The purpose of the present investigation was to characterize the effect of probiotics on the composition of the salivary microbiota and salivary levels of inflammation-related proteins during short-term sugar stress. We tested the hypotheses that consumption of probiotics may partly counteract the detrimental influence of sugar stress on oral homeostasis. Methods: The present study was a five-week, blinded, randomized controlled trial with four study arms—A: sucrose and probiotic (n = 20); B: sucrose and placebo (n = 20); C: xylitol and probiotic (n = 20); D: xylitol and placebo (n = 20). Saliva samples were collected at baseline and after two and five weeks. The salivary microbiota was characterized by means of 16S rDNA sequencing, and sequences were referenced against the Human Oral Microbiome Database (HOMD). Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and transferrin levels were quantified using immunoassays. Results: Sugar stress induced a significant increase in the relative abundance of the genus Streptococcus from 29.8% at baseline to 42.9% after two weeks. Changes were transient and were completely reversed three weeks after discontinuation of sugar stress. Xylitol and probiotics alone had no effect on the salivary microbiota, whereas the combination of xylitol and probiotics induced a significant decrease in the relative abundance of Streptococcus species from 37.6% at baseline to 23.0% at week 2. Sugar stress significantly increased salivary transferrin levels, and the effect was partly counteracted by concomitant use of probiotics. Conclusions: The data clearly demonstrate an impact of combined consumption of xylitol and probiotics on the composition of the salivary microbiota. Future studies are needed to evaluate whether the combined use of xylitol and the probiotic strains tested could have clinically protective effects during periods of sugar stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Probiotics on the Salivary Microbiota and Salivary Levels of Inflammation-Related Proteins during Short-Term Sugar Stress: A Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2021

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“…This could include factors like, gingivitis, periodontitis, inflammatory disease, salivary pH and viscosity, mucosal dryness, the composition and time since the last meal, to mention some. (Belstrom et al, 2020; Farnaud et al, 2010; Lynge Pedersen & Belstrom, 2019) Another way of achieving higher specificity could be repeated sampling. Oral mucosa has turnover rate of 4 hr and with proper cleansing this might make it possible to calculate NGAL delta values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin a biomarker for bacterial‐induced pharyngeal infection—A pilot study

Walvik

Kirchmann

Jensen

et al. 2020

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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Objectives Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) is secreted from activated neutrophil granulocytes and is considered an acute phase protein. The aim of this pilot study was to determine whether the NGAL concentration in saliva increases in response to a bacterial throat infection and identify pitfalls, which shall be taken into account in a protocol in a larger hypothesis testing study. Methods Saliva samples for measurement of NGAL concentration where obtained from cases with an acute throat infection (n = 21) and controls (n = 24). Among cases, plasma NGAL, plasma CRP, and whole blood leukocytes, were measured as well. Results There was no significant difference in NGAL saliva concentration between cases and controls overall (p = .31). For both cases and controls, the saliva NGAL concentration decreased significantly after cleansing the mouth with tap water (cases p = .01; controls p = .01). Among cases, a significant positive correlation between saliva NGAL concentrations before mouth cleansing and plasma CRP concentrations (p = .001) was observed. Blood neutrophil granulocyte count presented a nonsignificant positive correlation to saliva NGAL (p = .07). Conclusion We could not demonstrate a simple association between the salivary NGAL concentration and pharyngeal bacterial infection. Furthermore, the salivary NGAL concentrations were higher among some controls than cases, suggesting that cofounders for example, periodontitis, uneven salivary dilution level, or other exogenous factors affect salivary NGAL content.

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“…Moreover, Belstrøm et al (2020) studied stimulated saliva samples from patients with psoriasis, patients with periodontitis and controls without oral lesions by means of NGS of the 16S rRNA gene. They found that some bacterial taxa differentiated the salivary microbiota in patients with psoriasis from that of patients with periodontitis and orally healthy controls.…”

Section: Oral Microbiome and Autoimmune Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The possible role of oral microbiome in autoimmunity

Zorba

Melidou

Patsatsi

et al. 2020

International Journal of Women's Dermatology

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Objective The human microbiome refers to the entire habitat, including microorganisms, their genomes and the surrounding environmental conditions of the microbial ecosystem. When the equilibrium between microbial habitats and host is disturbed, dysbiosis is caused. The oral microbiome (OMB) has been implicated in the manifestation of many intra- and extraoral diseases. Lately, there has been an intense effort to investigate and specify the relationship between microbial complexes, especially that of the oral cavity and intestine and autoimmunity. This study aimed to review the current literature about the possible role of the OMB in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Methods We searched for published articles in English indexed in PubMed, Medline, Research Gate and Google Scholar using a search strategy that included terms for oral microbiome, autoimmune diseases, dysbiosis and next-generation sequencing. Results An important number of articles were gathered and used for the description of the possible impact of dysbiosis of OMB in the pathogenesis of Sjögren’s syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Behcet’s disease, Crohn’s disease and psoriasis. Conclusion This review article draws attention to the relationship between OMB and the triggering of a number of autoimmune diseases. Although this specific topic has been previously reviewed, herein, the authors review recent literature regarding the full list of nosological entities related to the OMB, point out the interaction between the microbiome and sex hormones with regard to their role in autoimmunity and discuss novel and promising therapeutic approaches for systemic autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, the question arises of whether the OMB is associated with oral bullous autoimmune diseases.

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Salivary microbiota and inflammation‐related proteins in patients with psoriasis

Cited by 23 publications

References 59 publications

Impact of Probiotics on the Salivary Microbiota and Salivary Levels of Inflammation-Related Proteins during Short-Term Sugar Stress: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Impact of Probiotics on the Salivary Microbiota and Salivary Levels of Inflammation-Related Proteins during Short-Term Sugar Stress: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin a biomarker for bacterial‐induced pharyngeal infection—A pilot study

The possible role of oral microbiome in autoimmunity

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