“…Research has used saliva samples to assess general stress levels using the indicator of Cortisol Awakening Response (CAR) (Bäumler, Kirschbaum, Kliegel, Alexander, & Stalder, ; Bright, Granger, & Frick, ; Bruce, Fisher, Pears, & Levine, ; Freitag et al, ; Gribbin, Watamura, Cairns, Harsh, & Lebourgeois, ; Saridjan et al, ; Stalder et al, ; Tegethoff, Knierzinger, Meyer, & Meinlschmidt, ). Salivary cortisol can also be used to assess the child's response to a particular stressor (e.g., venipuncture, injection, inoculation) (Davis & Granger, ; Felt et al, ; McCarthy et al, ; McCarthy et al, ) and other stress evoking procedures (e.g., Trier Social Stress Test for Children) (Gunnar, Talge, & Herrera, ; Kirschbaum, Pirke, & Hellhammer, ). However, all of these studies employed relatively small samples of children.…”