Saliva Gene Promoter Hypermethylation as a Biomarker in Oral Cancer

Rapado‐González, Óscar; López-Cedrún, José Luís; López‐López, Rafael; Rodríguez-Ces, Ana María; Suárez‐Cunqueiro, María Mercedes

doi:10.3390/jcm10091931

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…The current study provides evidence of specific promoter gene methylation signatures in oral cancer with the potential clinical application, as the DNA methylation status might be a possible biomarker correlated with overall survival for oral cancer patients. A more significant number of patients and confounding factors analysis are needed to confirm our results, not only from tissue but also from serum or saliva [41]. Additional studies should be considered based on HPV status [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Epigenetic methylation changes: implication as biomarkers in oral and maxillofacial area cancers

Aghiorghiesei

Irimie

Braicu

et al. 2023

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

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Background/Aim. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most frequent cancer of the head and neck area in the oral cavity. Epigenetic alterations in oral and maxillofacial area cancers are urgently needed to be investigated, as the observed changes might have crucial diagnostic value for personalized medicine. Methods. Our study aimed to identify the most frequently hypermethylated tumor suppressor gene promoters in OSCC, followed by correlation analysis with the patients’ survival. We evaluated the methylation status of the promoters in a panel of 22 tumor suppressor genes in Romanian (n=9) and Bulgarian (n=12) patient groups suffering from oral and maxillofacial area cancers. The extracted DNA was further digested through EpiTect Methyl II PCR Array System containing methylation-sensitive and methylation-dependent restriction enzymes, followed by specific amplification of the products obtained by qPCR and data analysis using the online platform provided by the producer. Results. Different methylation patterns were observed in the tumor suppressor genes’ promoters. Among them, the methylation profile of Cccnd2, Chd1, Cdh13, Cdkn1c, Neurog1, Gstp1, and Runx3 genes further correlated with overall survival rates. Conclusions. Our data emphasize that epigenetic alterations are responsible for the clinical heterogeneity of oral and maxillofacial area cancers and significantly impact on patient survival. Additional investigation on a larger patient cohort should validate these potential biomarkers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Epigenetic methylation changes: implication as biomarkers in oral and maxillofacial area cancers

Aghiorghiesei

Irimie

Braicu

et al. 2023

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

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“…This process usually occurs in CpG islands and often located in gene promoter regions that are normally unmethylated. 18 Different types of body fluids such as blood, sputum, bronchial lavage fluid, urine or saliva are used to detect aberrant DNA methylation. Saliva also represents a potential alternative to solid biopsy due to its noninvasive collection and its composition enriched with tumor biomarkers such as noncoding RNAs, proteins, mRNA, and genomic DNA.…”

Section: Dna Hypermethylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detection of DNA methylation in saliva has emerged as a potential method for the early diagnosis of head and neck tumors. 18 Viet et al carried out the very first study to evaluate promoter hypermethylation in salivary DNA from oral cancer patients in 2007. He and his associates analyzed the promoter hypermethylation of five genes (APC, ECAD, MGMT, p15, and p16) in oral cancer, oral dysplasia, and normal controls.…”

Section: Dna Hypermethylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methylation of p16 was detected in 35% of oral cancer/dysplasia patients, MGMT and p15 methylation in 29%, APC in 14%, and ECAD in 7%. 18 Guerrero-Preston et al performed a larger genomewide DNA methylation study comprising of 27,578 CpG sites which revealed 301 potential tumor suppressor genes significantly hypermethylated in oral squamous cell carcinoma vs. normal tissues, 92 genes hypermethylated in leukoplakia vs. normal mucosa, and 143 hypermethylated genes in tumor vs. leukoplakia tissue. 18 Over the last few years, several DNA-methylation studies in saliva have investigated the promoter hypermethylation status of various genes which had previously been identified as methylated in oral cancer tissue such as CDKN2A, MGMT, DAPK1, RASSF1A or ECAD.…”

Section: Dna Hypermethylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic review of the role of genomic salivary biomarkers in the early detection of oral cancer

Bhatia

Sharma²,

Bhateja³

2023

JDP

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Cancer is a large group of diseases that can start in almost any organ or tissue of the body when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, and metastasize to any other part of the body. India reports approximately one-fourth of global incidences of oral cancer annually, that is, around 77,000 new cases and 52,000 deaths. While cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers with a global incidence of more than 350,000 new cases and 177,000 deaths every year. Since the average 5-year survival rate of oral cancer on early diagnosis is 77.3% in stages I and II along with a better prognosis, but only 32.2% in stages III and IV, early detection of oral cancer is pertinent for prompt treatment of the problem at its grassroot level to decrease the subsequent morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. This article has been written as a compilation of the various genomic salivary biomarkers that have been detected in the saliva of cancer patients to inculcate a better understanding of these biomarkers and the role they play in the early detection of oral cancer. This will provide adequate knowledge to general and oral surgeons, as well as cancer biologists about the salivary diagnostic markers which will act as an adjunct to the traditional methods of cancer detection. The articles were selected from PubMed/Medline and Google Scholar. The articles with higher academic relevance were selected.

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“…Several salivary biomarkers such as DAPK, TIMP3, p16, and MGMT are potential screening markers for OSCC 38 , and changes in DNA methylation patterns could be a useful screening tool for predicting the rate and the likelihood of malignant transformation. The methylation of DNA in saliva has been suggested as an effective biomarker for early detection of OSCC 39 .…”

Section: Salivary Biomarkers and Oral Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Next generation sequencing-based salivary biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Sodnom-Ish

Myoung

et al. 2022

JKAOMS

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Selection of potential disease-specific biomarkers from saliva or epithelial tissues through next generation sequencing (NGS)-based protein studies has recently become possible. The early diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been difficult, if not impossible, until now due to the lack of an effective OSCC biomarker and efficient molecular validation method. The aim of this study was to summarize the advances in the application of NGS in cancer research and to propose potential proteomic and genomic saliva biomarkers for NGS-based study in OSCC screening and diagnosis programs. We have reviewed four categories including definitions and use of NGS, salivary biomarkers and OSCC, current biomarkers using the NGSbased technique, and potential salivary biomarker candidates in OSCC using NGS.

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Saliva Gene Promoter Hypermethylation as a Biomarker in Oral Cancer

Cited by 17 publications

References 71 publications

Epigenetic methylation changes: implication as biomarkers in oral and maxillofacial area cancers

Epigenetic methylation changes: implication as biomarkers in oral and maxillofacial area cancers

Systematic review of the role of genomic salivary biomarkers in the early detection of oral cancer

Next generation sequencing-based salivary biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma

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