Saliva as a possible tool for the SARS-CoV-2 detection: A review

Silva, Régia Carla Medeiros da; Marinho, Liliane Cristina Nogueira; Silva, Davi Neto de Araújo; Lima, Kênio Costa de; Pirih, Flávia Q.; Martins, Ana Rafaela Luz de Aquino

doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101920

Cited by 55 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Although some recent studies have shown similar results to ours, there are also other studies suggesting that saliva samples are compatible with the results of nasopharyngeal samples starting from the early period of the disease ( Azzi et al, 2020 , To et al, 2020 , Pasomsub et al, 2020 , Kam et al, 2020 ; Chong et al, 2020 , Jamal et al, 2020 ; Kim et al, 2020 ; Kojima et al, 2020 ; Yokota et al, 2020 , Yee et al, 2020 ; Santos et al, 2020 ). Some researchers suggest that saliva sampling can allow for an efficient, relatively inexpensive surveillance system however, they also point to the need for pilot studies ( Fogarty et al, 2020 , Medeiros da Silva et al, 2020 ). In this study, we consecutively recruited 200 inpatients who presented with clinical signs compatible with Covid-19 and at initial testing 98 of them revealed SARS-COV-2 RT-PCR positivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does sampling saliva increase detection of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR? Comparing saliva with oro-nasopharyngeal swabs

Doğan

Kose

Ağaoğlu

et al. 2021

Journal of Virological Methods

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does sampling saliva increase detection of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR? Comparing saliva with oro-nasopharyngeal swabs

Doğan

Kose

Ağaoğlu

et al. 2021

Journal of Virological Methods

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“…Furthermore, inconsistency in collecting respiratory samples also affects the final diagnosis. Less invasive samples such as saliva is being evaluated and the results are encouraging ( 38 ). While isothermal assays offer faster diagnosis, many of the limitations associated with rRT-PCR remain unresolved because of the similar nature of the sample and guiding principle of diagnosis at the center of it, i.e.…”

Section: Current Challengeementioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19: current status and challenges

Mathew¹,

Vyas²,

Khare³

et al. 2021

IJM

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The magnitude and pace of global affliction caused by Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is unprecedented in the recent past. From starting in a busy seafood market in the Chinese city of Wuhan, the virus has spread across the globe in less than a year, infecting over 76 million people and causing death of close to 1.7 million individuals worldwide. As no specific antiviral treatment is currently available, the major strategy in containing the pandemic is focused on early diagnosis and prompt isolation of the infected individuals. Several diagnostic modalities have emerged within a relatively short period, which can be broadly classified into molecular and immunological assays. While the former category is centered around real-time PCR, which is currently considered the gold standard of diagnosis, the latter aims to detect viral antigens or antibodies specific to the viral antigens and is yet to be recommended as a stand-alone diagnostic tool. This review aims to provide an update on the different diagnostic modalities that are currently being used in diagnostic laboratories across the world as well as the upcoming methods and challenges associated with each of them. In a rapidly evolving diagnostic landscape with several testing platforms going through various phases of development and/or regulatory clearance, it is prudent that the clinical community familiarizes itself with the nuances of different testing modalities currently being employed for this condition.

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“…Since saliva is easier to collect than either swabs or blood, its accessibility makes it an ideal biofluid for widespread diagnostic use. Research is still ongoing regarding how well saliva correlates to different types of swabs in terms of sensitivity of viral RNA detection [30][31][32]35,36 . This will depend largely on several factors such as patient selection, sample collection, and RNA extraction methodology.…”

Section: Rt-qpcr Tests For Sars-cov2 Mostly Analyze Rna From Nasal Swmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasensitive measurement of both SARS-CoV2 RNA and serology from saliva

Ter-Ovanesyan

Gilboa

Lazarovits

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Tests for COVID-19 generally measure SARS-CoV2 viral RNA from nasal swabs or antibodies against the virus from blood. It has been shown, however, that both viral particles and antibodies against those particles are present in saliva, which is more accessible than both swabs and blood. We present methods for highly sensitive measurements of both viral RNA and serology from the same saliva sample. We developed an efficient saliva RNA extraction method and combined it with an ultrasensitive serology test based on Single Molecule Array (Simoa) technology. We apply our test to the saliva of patients who presented to the hospital with COVID-19 symptoms, some of whom tested positive with a conventional RT-qPCR nasopharyngeal swab test. We demonstrate that combining viral RNA detection by RT-qPCR with serology identifies more patients as infected than either method alone. Our results suggest the utility of combining viral RNA and serology testing from saliva, a single easily accessible biofluid.

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Saliva as a possible tool for the SARS-CoV-2 detection: A review

Cited by 55 publications

References 49 publications

Does sampling saliva increase detection of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR? Comparing saliva with oro-nasopharyngeal swabs

Does sampling saliva increase detection of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR? Comparing saliva with oro-nasopharyngeal swabs

Laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19: current status and challenges

Ultrasensitive measurement of both SARS-CoV2 RNA and serology from saliva

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