Salinity tolerance

Tilbrook, Joanne; Roy, Stuart J.

doi:10.1002/9781118764374.ch6

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 366 publications

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“…To prevent tissue ion toxicity, the ion exclusion mechanism can restrict excessive ion transport from root to shoot. The ion exclusion mechanism includes: (1) the minimal uptake of particular toxic ions by the root and maximization of ion efflux to the soil, (2) restricting excessive ion loading into the xylem, (3) increasing the ion retrieval from xylem to other tissues like the root and stem, and (4) increasing the ion transport from shoot to root through the phloem [67]. High concentrations of sodium and chloride ions in leaves generally lead to leaf senescence.…”

Section: Effect Of Salt Stress On Ion Uptake In Alfalfa Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological, Physiological, and Genetic Responses to Salt Stress in Alfalfa: A Review

Bhattarai

Biswas

et al. 2020

Agronomy

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Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important legume forage crop. However, its genetic improvement for salt tolerance is challenging, as alfalfa’s response to salt stress is genetically and physiologically complex. A review was made to update the knowledge of morphological, physiological, biochemical, and genetic responses of alfalfa plants to salt stress, and to discuss the potential of applying modern plant technologies to enhance alfalfa salt-resistant breeding, including genomic selection, RNA-Seq analysis, and cutting-edge Synchrotron beamlines. It is clear that alfalfa salt tolerance can be better characterized, genes conditioning salt tolerance be identified, and new marker-based tools be developed to accelerate alfalfa breeding for salt tolerance.

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Section: Effect Of Salt Stress On Ion Uptake In Alfalfa Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological, Physiological, and Genetic Responses to Salt Stress in Alfalfa: A Review

Bhattarai

Biswas

et al. 2020

Agronomy

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“…In crop plant resources, often untapped, the landraces as resources of genetic variation are potential sources of novel salt stress mechanisms and/or QTLs and genes, with their close genetic identity to current crops following candidate genes to be introduced into commercial lines by conventional breeding approaches [24][25]. Molla et al [26] validated the salt responsive cgSSRs and analyzed their possible to distinguish salt tolerant and susceptible rice genotype. They reported that the repeat length variations in the designed cgSSR loci may play a role in the manifestation of differential behavior of rice genotypes to salt stress.…”

Section: Designing Primers To Identify Salt Candidate Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Candidate Gene <i>SalT</i> and Designing Markers Involving in Salt Tolerance of Vietnamese Rice Landraces

Trung

Khoa

Diep

et al. 2017

ILNS

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Abstract. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a principle crop as the main economic importance in Vietnam, providing daily food for over 90 million people in this country. However, a large rice growing areas and rice production are being seriously affected by salinity intrusion, the threats of devastation from climate change. The need to develop salinity tolerance rice varieties to cope with adverse climate change is very imperative. In this study, based on the genome sequence databases of 36 Vietnamese rice landraces, we have identified nine Vietnamese rice landraces carrying nine SalT candidate genes with the sequence similarity to O. sativa SalT (the published GenBank: Z25811.1) which have shown salinity tolerance are included: Te Nuong, Khau mac buoc, Chan thom, Khau giang, Tan ngan, Nang thom cho dao, OM5629, Hom rau and Thom Lai landraces). Amongst them, four rice landraces, Nang thom cho dao, OM5629, Hom rau and Thom lai have revealed two fragments of deletion with six and seven nucleotides which were the most identical to the SalT reference gene. Two primer pairs have been successfully designed to identify the SalT candidate genes in Vietnamese rice landraces. This study provides useful information of salinity tolerance of some Vietnamese rice landraces for breeding programs.

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“…Immediately following exposure to salt, the plant experiences rapid ion-independent, osmotic stress that dramatically reduces the shoot growth rate ( Munns and Tester, 2008 ; Carillo et al, 2011 ). These effects are largely due to loss of turgor that prompts stomatal closure and, consequently, inhibits photosynthesis ( Shabala and Cuin, 2007 ; Tilbrook and Roy, 2014 ; Julkowska and Testerink, 2015 ; Morton et al, 2019 ; Van Zelm et al, 2020 ). Such responses are also observed in plants exposed to abiotic stresses such as drought and cold, as well as in response to osmotic stress-inducing agents like sorbitol or mannitol ( Ahmad et al, 2007 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This corresponds with the toxic accumulation of Na + and Cl – ions in the aerial tissue of the plant ( Assaha et al, 2017 ). Na + is particularly harmful since it competes with the essential macronutrient, K + for both uptake and binding sites on enzymes which leads to K + starvation and inhibition of metabolic processes ( Tilbrook and Roy, 2014 ; Assaha et al, 2017 ). Responses to the delayed ionic stress are largely salt-specific and include ion exclusion through active transport, ionic tissue tolerance and K + retention (reviewed by Yang and Guo, 2018 ; Isayenkov and Maathuis, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt-Specific Gene Expression Reveals Elevated Auxin Levels in Arabidopsis thaliana Plants Grown Under Saline Conditions

et al. 2022

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Soil salinization is increasing globally, driving a reduction in crop yields that threatens food security. Salinity stress reduces plant growth by exerting two stresses on plants: rapid shoot ion-independent effects which are largely osmotic and delayed ionic effects that are specific to salinity stress. In this study we set out to delineate the osmotic from the ionic effects of salinity stress. Arabidopsis thaliana plants were germinated and grown for two weeks in media supplemented with 50, 75, 100, or 125 mM NaCl (that imposes both an ionic and osmotic stress) or iso-osmolar concentrations (100, 150, 200, or 250 mM) of sorbitol, that imposes only an osmotic stress. A subsequent transcriptional analysis was performed to identify sets of genes that are differentially expressed in plants grown in (1) NaCl or (2) sorbitol compared to controls. A comparison of the gene sets identified genes that are differentially expressed under both challenge conditions (osmotic genes) and genes that are only differentially expressed in plants grown on NaCl (ionic genes, hereafter referred to as salt-specific genes). A pathway analysis of the osmotic and salt-specific gene lists revealed that distinct biological processes are modulated during growth under the two conditions. The list of salt-specific genes was enriched in the gene ontology (GO) term “response to auxin.” Quantification of the predominant auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and IAA biosynthetic intermediates revealed that IAA levels are elevated in a salt-specific manner through increased IAA biosynthesis. Furthermore, the expression of NITRILASE 2 (NIT2), which hydrolyses indole-3-acetonitile (IAN) into IAA, increased in a salt-specific manner. Overexpression of NIT2 resulted in increased IAA levels, improved Na:K ratios and enhanced survival and growth of Arabidopsis under saline conditions. Overall, our data suggest that auxin is involved in maintaining growth during the ionic stress imposed by saline conditions.

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Salinity tolerance

Cited by 11 publications

References 366 publications

Morphological, Physiological, and Genetic Responses to Salt Stress in Alfalfa: A Review

Morphological, Physiological, and Genetic Responses to Salt Stress in Alfalfa: A Review

Identification of Candidate Gene <i>SalT</i> and Designing Markers Involving in Salt Tolerance of Vietnamese Rice Landraces

Salt-Specific Gene Expression Reveals Elevated Auxin Levels in Arabidopsis thaliana Plants Grown Under Saline Conditions

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