Salinity of atmospheric precipitation in the Murray-Darling drainage division, Australia

Blackburn, G; McLeod, S.

doi:10.1071/sr9830411

Cited by 132 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…3a). Na / Cl ratios of groundwater samples are similar to those measured in rainfall in southeast Australia (Blackburn and Mcleod, 1983) and the Cl / Br ratios are also similar to those expected for local rainfall . There is a weak correlation between Ca and HCO 3 (Fig.…”

Section: Groundwater Geochemistrysupporting

confidence: 79%

Using 14C and 3H to understand groundwater flow and recharge in an aquifer window

Atkinson

Cartwright

Gilfedder

et al. 2014

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Knowledge of groundwater residence times and recharge locations is vital to the sustainable management of groundwater resources. Here we investigate groundwater residence times and patterns of recharge in the Gellibrand Valley, southeast Australia, where outcropping aquifer sediments of the Eastern View Formation form an "aquifer window" that may receive diffuse recharge from rainfall and recharge from the Gellibrand River. To determine recharge patterns and groundwater flow paths, environmental isotopes (3H, 14C, δ13C, δ18O, δ2H) are used in conjunction with groundwater geochemistry and continuous monitoring of groundwater elevation and electrical conductivity. The water table fluctuates by 0.9 to 3.7 m annually, implying recharge rates of 90 and 372 mm yr−1. However, residence times of shallow (11 to 29 m) groundwater determined by 14C are between 100 and 10 000 years, 3H activities are negligible in most of the groundwater, and groundwater electrical conductivity remains constant over the period of study. Deeper groundwater with older 14C ages has lower δ18O values than younger, shallower groundwater, which is consistent with it being derived from greater altitudes. The combined geochemistry data indicate that local recharge from precipitation within the valley occurs through the aquifer window, however much of the groundwater in the Gellibrand Valley predominantly originates from the regional recharge zone, the Barongarook High. The Gellibrand Valley is a regional discharge zone with upward head gradients that limits local recharge to the upper 10 m of the aquifer. Additionally, the groundwater head gradients adjacent to the Gellibrand River are generally upwards, implying that it does not recharge the surrounding groundwater and has limited bank storage. 14C ages and Cl concentrations are well correlated and Cl concentrations may be used to provide a first-order estimate of groundwater residence times. Progressively lower chloride concentrations from 10 000 years BP to the present day are interpreted to indicate an increase in recharge rates on the Barongarook High.

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Section: Groundwater Geochemistrysupporting

confidence: 79%

Using 14C and 3H to understand groundwater flow and recharge in an aquifer window

Atkinson

Cartwright

Gilfedder

et al. 2014

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…There are several sources of salts causing soil salinization including natural weathering of soil minerals, salts added through precipitation (e.g. Blackburn and McLeod 1983) and salts associated with aeolian dust (e.g. Shiga et al 2011).…”

Section: Soil Processes and Salt Accumulation In The Root Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

Soil and Aquifer Salinization: Toward an Integrated Approach for Salinity Management of Groundwater

Greene

Timms²,

Rengasamy

et al. 2016

Integrated Groundwater Management

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Degradation of the quality of groundwater due to salinization processes is one of the key issues limiting the global dependence on groundwater in aquifers. As the salinization of shallow aquifers is closely related to root-zone salinization, the two must be considered together. This chapter initially describes the physical and chemical processes causing salinization of the root-zone and shallow aquifers, highlighting the dynamics of these processes and how they can be influenced by irrigation and drainage practices, thus illustrating the connectivity between soil and groundwater salinization. The processes leading to aquifer salinization in both inland and coastal areas are discussed. The roles of extractive resource industries, such as mining and coal bed methane operations, in causing aquifer salinization are also outlined. Hydrogeochemical changes occurring during salinization of aquifers are examined with the aid of Piper and Mixing Diagrams. The chapter then illustrates the extent of the problem of groundwater salinization as influenced by management and policy using two case studies. The first is representative of a developing country and explores management of salt-affected soils in the Indus Valley, Pakistan, while the second looks at a developed country, and illustrates how through monitoring we can deduce

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“…N, 2.8%; P, 0.72%; K, 0.2%; and S, 0.8%) according to ARC (1994). Atmospheric deposition estimates were based on published figures which accounted for proximity to the coast or emissions from industry (Hutton and Leslie 1958;Hingston and Gailitis 1976;Probert 1976;Blackburn and McLeod 1983).…”

Section: Nutrient Balances On Australian Dairy Farmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farm-scale nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur balances and use efficiencies on Australian dairy farms

et al. 2012

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Abstract. Efficient and effective nutrient management decisions are critical to profitable and sustainable milk production on modern Australian dairy farms. Whole-farm nutrient balances are commonly used as nutrient management tools and also for regulatory assessment on dairy farms internationally, but are rarely used in Australia. In this study, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and sulfur (S) imports and exports were measured during a standardised production year on 41 contrasting Australian dairy farms, representing a broad range of geographic locations, milk production, herd and farm size, reliance on irrigation, and soil types. The quantity of nutrients imported varied markedly -with feed and fertiliser generally the most substantial imports -and were principally determined by stocking rate and type of imported feed. Milk exports were the largest source of nutrient exports. Nitrogen balance ranged from 47 to 601 kg N/ha.year. Nitrogen-use efficiency ranged from 14 to 50%, with a median value of 26%. Phosphorus balance ranged from -7 to 133 kg P/ha.year, with a median value of 28 kg P/ha. Phosphorus-use efficiencies ranged from 6 to 158%, with a median value of 35%. Potassium balances ranged from 13 to 452 kg K/ha, with a median value of 74 kg K/ha; K-use efficiency ranged from 9 to 48%, with a median value of 20%. Sulfur balances ranged from -1 to 184 kg S/ha, with a median value of 27 kg S/ha; S-use efficiency ranged from 6 to 110%, with a median value of 21%. Nitrogen, P, K and S balances were all positively correlated (P < 0.001) with stocking rate and milk production per ha. Poor relationship between P, K and S fertiliser inputs and milk production from home-grown pasture reflected the already high soil fertility levels measured on many of these farms. The results from this study demonstrate that increasing milk production per ha will be associated with greater nutrient surpluses at the farm scale, with the potential for greater environmental impacts. We suggest that simplified and standardised nutrient balance methodologies should be used on dairy farms in Australia to help identify opportunities for improvements in nutrient management decisions and to develop appropriate industry benchmarks and targets.

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Salinity of atmospheric precipitation in the Murray-Darling drainage division, Australia

Cited by 132 publications

References 20 publications

Using <sup>14</sup>C and <sup>3</sup>H to understand groundwater flow and recharge in an aquifer window

Using <sup>14</sup>C and <sup>3</sup>H to understand groundwater flow and recharge in an aquifer window

Soil and Aquifer Salinization: Toward an Integrated Approach for Salinity Management of Groundwater

Farm-scale nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur balances and use efficiencies on Australian dairy farms

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Salinity of atmospheric precipitation in the Murray-Darling drainage division, Australia

Cited by 132 publications

References 20 publications

Using &lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;C and &lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;H to understand groundwater flow and recharge in an aquifer window

Using &lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;C and &lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;H to understand groundwater flow and recharge in an aquifer window

Soil and Aquifer Salinization: Toward an Integrated Approach for Salinity Management of Groundwater

Farm-scale nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur balances and use efficiencies on Australian dairy farms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Using <sup>14</sup>C and <sup>3</sup>H to understand groundwater flow and recharge in an aquifer window

Using <sup>14</sup>C and <sup>3</sup>H to understand groundwater flow and recharge in an aquifer window