Salinity Inhibits Rice Seed Germination by Reducing α-Amylase Activity via Decreased Bioactive Gibberellin Content

Liu, Li; Xia, Weili; Li, Haixia; Zeng, Hanlai; BenHui, Wei; Han, Sang‐Ik; Yin, Changxi

doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.00275

Cited by 106 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…The germinated seeds were incubated in a solution containing 0 N, 0 N + Z, or 1 N as a control for one day, two days, or four days; then, the seminal roots of the rice seedlings were collected and frozen at −80 • C until use. Total RNA was extracted according to Liu et al [40]. First-strand cDNA was synthesized using the Fastking RT Kit (Tiangen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China).…”

Section: Rna Isolation and Quantitative Real-time Pcr (Qrt-pcr) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First-strand cDNA was synthesized using the Fastking RT Kit (Tiangen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China). The relative expression level was analyzed by qRT-PCR according to the method described previously [40]; the gene-specific primers are listed in Supplementary Table S1. The relative expression level was calculated using the comparative threshold method, using OsACTIN as an internal control.…”

Section: Rna Isolation and Quantitative Real-time Pcr (Qrt-pcr) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen Deficiency-Induced Decrease in Cytokinins Content Promotes Rice Seminal Root Growth by Promoting Root Meristem Cell Proliferation and Cell Elongation

Wang

Zhu

Zou

et al. 2020

Cells

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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings grown under nitrogen (N) deficiency conditions show a foraging response characterized by increased root length. However, the mechanism underlying this developmental plasticity is still poorly understood. In this study, the mechanism by which N deficiency influences rice seminal root growth was investigated. The results demonstrated that compared with the control (1 mM N) treatment, N deficiency treatments strongly promoted seminal root growth. However, the N deficiency-induced growth was negated by the application of zeatin, which is a type of cytokinin (CK). Moreover, the promotion of rice seminal root growth was correlated with a decrease in CK content, which was due to the N deficiency-mediated inhibition of CK biosynthesis through the down-regulation of CK biosynthesis genes and an enhancement of CK degradation through the up-regulation of CK degradation genes. In addition, the N deficiency-induced decrease in CK content not only enhanced the root meristem cell proliferation rate by increasing the meristem cell number via the down-regulation of OsIAA3 and up-regulation of root-expressed OsPLTs, but also promoted root cell elongation by up-regulating cell elongation-related genes, including root-specific OsXTHs and OsEXPs. Taken together, our data suggest that an N deficiency-induced decrease in CK content promotes the seminal root growth of rice seedlings by promoting root meristem cell proliferation and cell elongation.

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Section: Rna Isolation and Quantitative Real-time Pcr (Qrt-pcr) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rna Isolation and Quantitative Real-time Pcr (Qrt-pcr) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Deficiency-Induced Decrease in Cytokinins Content Promotes Rice Seminal Root Growth by Promoting Root Meristem Cell Proliferation and Cell Elongation

Wang

Zhu

Zou

et al. 2020

Cells

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“…The study also reported that the action of gibberellin on rice seed germination in response to salinity inhibits seed germination by decreasing the bioactive gibberellin content. Furthermore, bioactive gibberellin deficiency inhibited seed germination by decreasing α-amylase activity via the downregulation of α-amylase gene expression 13 . Strigolactone, a carotenoid-derived terpene lactone, was initially isolated from a Gossypium hirsutum root culture solution by scientists in the 1960s 14 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of strigolactone on photosynthetic and physiological characteristics in salt-stressed rice seedlings

Ling

Jiang

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Saline stress has been identified as the primary factor inhibiting rice seedling growth, which represents a complex abiotic stress process. Most plant hormones have been shown to alleviate the plant damage caused by salt stress. The effects of synthetic strigolactone (GR24) on Jinongda 667 rice seedlings treated with 200 mM NaCl were studied. Photosynthesis and its related physiological characteristics were analyzed in salt-stressed rice seedlings treated with GR24. NaCL stress inhibited the growth of the rice, including plant height and root length, by approximately 14% and 40%, respectively. Compared to the control check group (CK), the adverse effects of salt stress on the growth status, leaf photosynthesis, and physiological/biochemical indices in the rice seedlings were alleviated in the GR24 treatment group. With increases in the GR24 concentration, the plant height and root length of the seedlings increased. The plant height in the groups treated with 1/2 Hoagland's complete nutrient solution + 200 mM NaCl +1 μM GR24 (T4) and 1/2 Hoagland's complete nutrient solution + 200 mM NaCl +5 μM GR24 (T5) were significantly different than the 1/2 Hoagland's complete nutrient solution + 200 mM NaCl group (T1) (P < 0.05), and there were significant differences between the T5 and T1 groups in root length (P < 0.05).The chlorophyll content in the rice seedling leaves was significantly different between the T1 group and all other groups (P < 0.05). The net photosynthetic rate of the T1 group was not significantly different from the T2 group (P > 0.05). The transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and intercellular CO 2 concentrations showed the same trends as the net photosynthetic rate. The MAD, POD, and SOD activities were significantly increased by 68%, 60%, 14%, respectively, compared to the CK group (P < 0.01). When the GR24 concentration was 1 μM, the rice seedlings were resistant to the adverse effects of high salt stress. Therefore, the addition of proper concentrations of GR24 could improve the rice yield in saline-alkali land.Determination of photosynthetic parameters. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO 2 concentration, and transpiration rate were measured using an LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system (LICOR, USA). The measurements were made between 9:00 and 11:00 A.M. The CO 2 concentration in the leaf chamber was 400 μmol·mol −1 , the air velocity was 500 μmol·s −1 , the light intensity was 1000 μmol·m −2 ·s −1 , the leaf temperature was 30 ± 1 °C, and the relative air humidity was between 70% and 80%. The data were automatically collected every three minutes and repeated at least six times.Determination of physiological indices. After seven days of growth, the rice seedling leaves and root systems were harvested, quickly frozen by liquid nitrogen, and stored in at −80 °C for the determination of each physiological and biochemical parameter. All physiological index measurements were repeated three times. The MDA content was determined by the thiobarbituric acid method, the...

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“…GAs were synthesized to induce the gene expression and synthesis of α-amylase during seed germination [14][15]. Then, α-amylase was secreted into the endosperm to decomposed stored starch of seed [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealing the potential mechanism of seed germination in Polygonatum cyrtonema

Liu

Lü

Xing

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua is a Chinese traditional medicine in the Liliaceae family. It have unique medical and edible value. However, the Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds are naturally difficult to germinate. Its reproductive and growth cycles should be accelerated through artificial technologies for meeting the market demand. Therefore, to beak the seeds dormancy and to elucidate the mechanism of germination, the metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis were performed in this study. Results: The results indicate that plant hormone (auxin, GA, ABA) were involved in seed germination. Furthermore, the expression levels of unigenes and α-amylase activity were increased in germinated seeds. In addition, the metabolites of phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis were accumulated in Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds. Hhydroxycinnamyl (caffeic acid, coniferin and sinapic acid et al.), organic acids (benzoic acid, ferulic acid, and coumaric acid etc.) were significantly decreased, while flavonoids significantly accumulated during the germination. The results suggest that the metabolites of germinated seeds were mainly to promote flavonoids synthesis and to inhibit the lignin synthesis, which was beneficial to germination of Polygonatum cyrtonema. And hydrolysis of starch to glucose can provides necessary energy for germination. Conclusions: Our results give a novel insights into the regulating networks of seed germination and pave the way for Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds propagation and cultivation.

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Salinity Inhibits Rice Seed Germination by Reducing α-Amylase Activity via Decreased Bioactive Gibberellin Content

Cited by 106 publications

References 55 publications

Nitrogen Deficiency-Induced Decrease in Cytokinins Content Promotes Rice Seminal Root Growth by Promoting Root Meristem Cell Proliferation and Cell Elongation

Nitrogen Deficiency-Induced Decrease in Cytokinins Content Promotes Rice Seminal Root Growth by Promoting Root Meristem Cell Proliferation and Cell Elongation

Effects of strigolactone on photosynthetic and physiological characteristics in salt-stressed rice seedlings

Transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealing the potential mechanism of seed germination in Polygonatum cyrtonema

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