Salinity induced fruit hypodermis thickening alters the texture of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill) fruits

Ruiz, Miriam Silva; Yasuor, Hagai; Ben‐Gal, Alon; Yermiyahu, Uri; Saranga, Yehoshua; Elbaum, Rivka

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2015.06.002

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The same trend was observed by El-Mogy et al [3], which supports our results. Increases in firmness could either be due to salinity strengthening tomato skin resulting in increases in its thickness [43] or the presence of smaller cells with thicker walls in the pericarp of tomatoes grown under salinity conditions [44]. Our results indicated that the AO−42 line had the highest significant firmness value compared to all other lines in 2015.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Increasing Ascorbic Acid Content and Salinity Tolerance of Cherry Tomato Plants by Suppressed Expression of the Ascorbate Oxidase Gene

et al. 2019

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eg (M.I.A.M.) 2 INRA, UR1052, Génétique et amélioration des fruits et légumes, DomaineAbstract: Ascorbic acid is considered to be one of the most important antioxidants in plants and plays a vital role in the adaptation of plants to unfavorable conditions. In the present study, an ascorbate oxidase gene (Solyc04g054690) was over-expressed in cherry tomato cv. West Virginia 106 lines and compared with previously studied RNAi silenced ascorbate oxidase lines. Two lines with lower ascorbate oxidase activity (AO−15 and AO−42), two lines with elevated activity (AO+14 and AO+16), and the non-transgenic line (WVa106) were grown and irrigated with 75 mM and 150 mM NaCl in 2015 and 2016. Growth, yield, and chemical composition of the lines under salinity stress were evaluated. Lines with lower ascorbate oxidase activity resulted in higher plant growth parameters (plant height, leaf number, flower, and cluster number in 2015 and stem diameter and flower number in 2016), and improved fruit quality (firmness in 2016 and soluble solid content in 2015) and total yield per plant under salinity stress over both years. In addition, we show that ascorbic acid, lycopene, and carotene contents of fruits were higher in lines with lower ascorbate oxidase activity compared to lines with elevated activity and the non-transgenic line under conditions of moderate and high salinity in both years. cancer, including prostate, colon, and breast cancers [4]. Tomato fruits have a considerable amount of ascorbic acid (AA) (or vitamin C), which ranged from 84 to 590 mg/kg [5,6]. In addition, nearly one hundred grams of tomato can provide 40% of the recommended amount of AA for an adult's daily nutritional requirements. AA is considered to be one of the most abundant antioxidants found in the plant, including the apoplast [7]. There are several factors affecting AA levels in plants, such as the genetic background, environmental conditions, seasons, and abiotic stress, such as drought and salinity [8]. Previous work showed that application of exogenous AA leads to increased salt tolerance in tomato [2]. It was reported that breeders should be developing horticultural crops with high ascorbic acid content [9]. In plants, ascorbic acid is oxidized by ascorbate oxidase (AO) (an apoplastic enzyme) to mono-dehydroascorbate (MDHA) [10].The activity of AO plays a role in regulating the redox state (the ratio of reduced to total AA) of the apoplast [11]. A positive relationship has been found between the level of AO activity and abiotic stress tolerance. AO is also highly expressed in fruits and roots of tomato [12].Under-expression of the AO enzyme often leads to increased abiotic stress tolerance, such as to drought in tomato [11] and to salt in Arabidopsis and tobacco [13]. By contrast, the over-expression of AO leads to increased sensitivity to stress [7].In a previous study [11], West Virginia 106 cherry tomato cotyledons were transformed to create two RNAi silenced lines (AO−15 and AO−42) with lower AO activity. In this work, the authors found that t...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Increasing Ascorbic Acid Content and Salinity Tolerance of Cherry Tomato Plants by Suppressed Expression of the Ascorbate Oxidase Gene

et al. 2019

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“…The same result was observed by El-Mogy et al [2] and Abdelgawad et al [5], which supports the results of this study. Increases in firmness with increasing salt stress could either be due to that salinity firming tomato skin resulting in increases in its thickness [52] or the presence of smaller cells with thicker walls in the pericarp of tomato fruits grown under salt stress [53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Characterization, Agro-Morphological and Physiological Evaluation of Grafted Tomato under Salinity Stress Conditions

et al. 2020

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This study aims to determine grafting’s efficiency to improve tomato growth and production under salinity stress conditions. A commercial tomato hybrid (cv. Bark) and eight wild tomato accessions were evaluated at molecular, physiological and agronomic levels. At the molecular level, two robust gene-targeting marker systems (Conserved DNA-Derived Polymorphism; CDDP and Start Codon Targeted Polymorphism; SCoT) were employed. Bark cv. was grafted as a scion onto the four tomato genotypes’ roots as stocks. The rootstocks effect was evaluated by growing plants at 0, 100 and 200 mM NaCl. Our results showed that grafting enhanced plant shoots and roots growth (plant height, number of branches, plant fresh weight, root length, and root fresh and dry weight), fruit yield (total yield, number and weight of fruits) and fruit quality (Vitamin C, firmness and total soluble solids) in Bark on most tested rootstocks. A significant interaction between salinity levels and rootstocks for all measured hormones, antioxidants and proline was observed. In conclusion, our consistent results from the three approaches (molecular, physiological and agronomical) revealed that the four genotypes (LA1995, LA2711, LA2485 and LA3845) were found to be grouped and exhibit better performance under salinity stress conditions. Furthermore, grafting could be a low-cost alternative method to improve salt tolerance in sensitive tomato genotypes.

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“…With respect to ripe fruit (Figure 4b), the fluorescence is more intense in the outermost layer (green color), which is thicker. This could be related to the lignification of the cell walls of the skin of the fruit, caused by the development and ripening process of the fruits (Ruiz et al, 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of cellular architecture and micromechanical properties of cuajilote fruits (Parmentiera edulis D.C.) using different microscopy techniques

Vicente-Flores

Vera

Chanona‐Pérez

et al. 2020

Microscopy Res & Technique

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The cuajilote (Parmentiera edulis D.C.) tree produces fibrous fruits with a high content of lignocellulosic compounds. However, this fruit and their fibers have been scarcely studied. For this reason, an integral study of their cellular architecture, physicochemical, micromechanical, and structural properties in two maturity stages were carried out. Physicochemical tests, light, confocal and electron microscopy, microindentation, and X‐ray diffraction were used for the characterization of fruit and their fibers. Chemical analysis showed that the unripe fruits have the highest cellulose content (42.17%), but in ripe fruit the cellulose content decreases (32.76%) while lignin content increases from 35.26 to 40.79%, caused by the lignification of the sclerenchyma fibers. Microstructural and micromechanical studies in the different regions of the fruit provided relevant information about its cellular architecture, distribution of lignocellulosic compounds and its role in the micromechanical properties of their fibers. The thickening cell wall of sclerenchyma fibers was caused by the cellular lignification of the ripe fruits. According to the physicochemical and structural studies, cuajilote fibers are comparable to other fibers obtained from crops rich in lignocellulosic compounds. The current study provided new knowledge about the cellular architecture of fruit and criteria for selecting the ripening stage adequate for the extraction of cellulose or lignin. Furthermore, information regarding the micromechanical properties of their fibers and which structural arrangement could be more convenient for mechanical reinforcement of biodegradable materials was obtained.

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Salinity induced fruit hypodermis thickening alters the texture of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill) fruits

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

Increasing Ascorbic Acid Content and Salinity Tolerance of Cherry Tomato Plants by Suppressed Expression of the Ascorbate Oxidase Gene

Increasing Ascorbic Acid Content and Salinity Tolerance of Cherry Tomato Plants by Suppressed Expression of the Ascorbate Oxidase Gene

Genetic Characterization, Agro-Morphological and Physiological Evaluation of Grafted Tomato under Salinity Stress Conditions

Study of cellular architecture and micromechanical properties of cuajilote fruits (Parmentiera edulis D.C.) using different microscopy techniques

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