“…Water (H 2 O) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) are the only reaction products. Several types of SOFC stacks have been developed to date such as quadrilateral planar [6], all ceramic quadrilateral planar [7], circular planar [8,9], tubular [10], microtubular [11][12][13][14], cone shaped segmented-in-series tubular [15], segment-in-series tubular [16], segmented-in-series flattened tubular [17][18][19], flattened tubular [20,21], honeycomb [22,23], and micro [24] designs. Microtubular SOFC stacks are quite rare in applications compared to planar SOFC stacks.…”