Saharan dust and the association between particulate matter and daily hospitalisations in Rome, Italy: Table 1

Alessandrini, Ester; Stafoggia, Massimo; Faustini, Annunziata; Gobbi, Gian Paolo; Forastiére, Francesco

doi:10.1136/oemed-2012-101182

Cited by 61 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…An additional study was excluded for using an ordinary least squares approach for time-series [54], two as sensitivity analyses of primary results presented elsewhere [55, 56] and another four for including health outcomes with insufficient counts for meta-analysis [18, 52, 57, 58]. After these exclusions, there were a total of 10 papers for meta-analysis, resulting in sufficient counts to explore respiratory (n = 9) [42, 47, 59–61, 62••, 63••, 64, 65•] and cardiovascular hospitalizations (n = 6) [42, 47, 61, 62••, 64, 66]. An additional 12 papers [15, 35, 67–76] and one report [77] were identified on emergency department visits, although these included some extensions of earlier papers and some unique health outcomes that were not reported in a sufficient number of studies to support meta-analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Coarse Particulate Matter and Human Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Adar

Filigrana

Clements

et al. 2014

Curr Envir Health Rpt

191

124

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Airborne particles have been linked to increased mortality and morbidity. As most research has focused on fine particles (PM2.5), the health implications of coarse particles (PM10-2.5) are not well understood. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of associations for short- and long-term PM10-2.5 concentrations with mortality and hospital admissions. Using 23 mortality and 10 hospital admissions studies, we documented suggestive evidence of increased morbidity and mortality in relation to higher short-term PM10-2.5 concentrations, with stronger relationships for respiratory than cardiovascular endpoints. Reported associations were highly heterogeneous, however, especially by geographic region and average PM10-2.5 concentrations. Adjustment for PM2.5 and publication bias resulted in weaker and less precise effect estimates, although positive associations remained for short-term PM10-2.5 concentrations. Inconsistent relationships between effect estimates for PM10-2.5 and correlations between PM10-2.5 and PM2.5 concentrations, however, indicate that PM10-2.5 associations cannot be solely explained by co-exposure to PM2.5. While suggestive evidence was found of increased mortality with long-term PM10-2.5 concentrations, these associations were not robust to control for PM2.5. Additional research is required to better understand sources of heterogeneity of associations between PM10-2.5 and adverse health outcomes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Coarse Particulate Matter and Human Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Adar

Filigrana

Clements

et al. 2014

Curr Envir Health Rpt

191

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Hospital admissions for ischemic heart disease were 16% to 21% higher on sandstorm days compared to other days [81]. Saharan dust also increased the effect of PM 10 on cerebrovascular diseases with an increase of 5.04% in Rome, Italy [158]. Dust storms caused a~1% increased cardiovascular morbidity in Iran [32].…”

Section: Desert Dust and Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Global Desert Dust and Associated Human Health Effects

et al. 2016

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Dust storms and sandy dust events originating in arid and semi-arid areas can transport particulate material, pollutants, and potential transport long distances from their sources. Exposure to desert dust particles is generally acknowledged to endanger human health. However, most studies have examined anthropogenic particulate sources, with few studies considering contributions from natural desert dust. A systematic literature review was undertaken using the ISI Web of Knowledge and PubMed databases with the objective of identifying all studies presenting results on the potential health impact from desert dust particles across the world. This review reveals an imbalance between the areas most exposed to dust and the areas most studied in terms of health effects. Among the human health effects of dust storms are mortality and morbidity, arising from respiratory system, circulatory system, and other diseases. We summarize the quantitative results of current scientific health research and possible pathological mechanisms, and describe some of the many challenges related to understanding health effects from exposures to desert dust particles. Overall, for respiratory and circulatory mortality, both positive and negative associations have been reported for PM 10 of desert dust, but only a positive relationship was reported between PM 2.5-10 and mortality, and a positive relationship was also reported between PM 2.5 and human mortality. Future pathological studies should continue to focus on those mechanisms causing the most harmful effect of desert dust on respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. More attention should also be paid to the association between desert dust and the morbidity of other diseases, such as those affecting the reproductive system and nervous system.

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“…P€ oschl, 2005), and indeed high natural aerosol concentrations can lead to significant increases in cardiovascular hospitalisations and mortality in Europe (e.g. Alessandrini et al, 2013;Goudie, 2014, and references therein). However, for a given exposure level anthropogenic aerosols are likely to have more severe effects than natural ones such as dust or sea-salt (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of future atmospheric circulation changes over the Euro-Atlantic sector on urban PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations

Messori

Wees

Pausata

et al. 2018

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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Air quality management is strongly driven by legislative aspects related to the exceedance of air quality limit values. Here, we use the Norwegian Climate Centre's Earth System Model to assess the impact of a future scenario of maximum feasible aerosol emission abatement and increasing greenhouse gases (RCP4.5) on urban PM 2.5 concentrations in Europe. Daily PM 2.5 concentrations are assessed using a novel downscaling method which allows us to compute exceedances of current and planned air quality thresholds. For the latter, we assume that future ambitious emission reductions are likely to be accompanied by stricter air quality thresholds. The changes in PM 2.5 concentrations are discussed in the context of the large-scale atmospheric changes observed relative to the present-day climate. Our results show a more positive North Atlantic Oscillation mean state in the future, combined with a large eastward shift of both North Atlantic sea-level pressure centres of action. This is associated with more frequent mid-latitude blocking and a northward shift of the jet stream. These changes favour higher than expected anthropogenic urban PM 2.5 concentrations in Southern Europe, while they have the opposite effect on the northern half of the continent. In the future scenario, PM concentrations in substantial parts of Southern Europe are found to exceed the World Health Organisation Air Quality Guideline daily limit of 25 lg/m 3 on 25 to over 50 days per year, and annual guidelines of 10 mg/m 3 on more than 80% of the 30 years analysed in our study. We conclude that alterations in atmospheric circulation in the future, induced by stringent maximum feasible air pollution mitigation as well as GHG emissions, will negatively influence the effectiveness of these emission abatements over large parts of Europe. This has important implications for future air quality policies.

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Saharan dust and the association between particulate matter and daily hospitalisations in Rome, Italy: Table 1

Abstract: A clear enhanced effect of PM2.5-10 on respiratory diseases and of PM10 on cerebrovascular diseases emerged during Saharan dust outbreaks.

Cited by 61 publications

References 10 publications

Ambient Coarse Particulate Matter and Human Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ambient Coarse Particulate Matter and Human Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

A Systematic Review of Global Desert Dust and Associated Human Health Effects

The impact of future atmospheric circulation changes over the Euro-Atlantic sector on urban PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations

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