Saffron (its active constituent, crocin) supplementation attenuates lipid peroxidation and protects against tissue injury

Altınöz, Eyüp; T, Ozmen; Öner, Zülal; Elbe, Hülya; Erdemli, ME; Hg, Bag

doi:10.4149/bll_2016_075

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…It has the ability to initiates various neurodegenerative and TBI-related pathologies 45 such as CTE 46 , MDA, the end product and marker of lipid peroxidation 47 and GSH, a major intracellular antioxidant source were measured 24 h post last injury 48 . MDA levels were significantly high in the TBI group and this finding aligns with increased MDA levels in brain tissues from TBI patients 49 as well as in rodent models 48 , 49 . In saffron TBI and crocin TBI groups, MDA decreased significantly, suggesting that saffron and crocin could relieve the peroxidative damage induced by rmTBI.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Saffron extract and crocin exert anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects in a repetitive mild traumatic brain injury mouse model

Salem

Shaheen

Tabbara

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Saffron Crocus sativus L. (C. sativus) is a flower from the iridaceous family. Crocin, saffron’s major constituent, and saffron have anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. In this work, the neuroprotective effects of saffron and crocin are being investigated in a repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI) mouse model. A weight drop model setup was employed to induce mild brain injury in male albino BABL/c mice weighing 30–40 g. Saffron (50 mg/kg) and crocin (30 mg/kg) were administrated intraperitoneally 30 min before mTBI induction. Behavioral tests were conducted to assess behavioral deficits including the modified neurological severity score (NSS), Morris water maze (MWM), pole climb test, rotarod test, and adhesive test. The levels of TNF alpha (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), malonaldehyde (MDA), and reduced glutathione (GSH) were measured. Histological analysis of different brain parts was performed. Both saffron and crocin demonstrated marked improved neurological, cognitive, motor, and sensorimotor functions. Besides, both compounds significantly reduced the oxidative stress and inflammatory processes. No abnormal histological features were observed in any of the injured groups. Saffron extract and crocin provide a neuroprotective effect in a mouse model of rmTBI by decreasing oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and behavioral deficits.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Saffron extract and crocin exert anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects in a repetitive mild traumatic brain injury mouse model

Salem

Shaheen

Tabbara

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…e fast presence of crocetin in blood plasma after the administration of the saffron extract contributes to better explain saffron beneficial effects in animal models [48]. e commercial standardised saffron extract affron ® used in this study is related to beneficial effects in depression and mood disorders by several clinical trials at the dosage used in the present work [13,14,16] and in the reduction of inflammatory damage in the retina in an animal model of glaucoma [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Bioaccessibility and Pharmacokinetics of a Commercial Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) Extract

Almodóvar¹,

Briskey

Rao³

et al. 2020

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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There are few studies about the pharmacokinetics of the low-molecular mass carotenoids crocetin or crocin isomers from saffron (Crocus sativus L.). None has been performed with a galenic preparation of a standardised saffron extract. The aim of the present research work was to study the effect of in vitro digestion process on the main bioactive components of saffron extract tablets and the corresponding pharmacokinetic parameters in humans. Pharmacokinetics were calculated collecting blood samples every 30 min during the first 3 h and at 24 h after administration of two different concentrations (56 and 84 mg of the saffron extract) to 13 healthy human volunteers. Additionally, an in vitro digestion process was performed in order to determine the bioaccessibility of saffron main bioactive compounds. Identification and quantification analysis were performed by HPLC-PAD/MS. Digestion resulted in 40% of bioaccesibility for crocin isomers, whereas, safranal content followed an opposite trend increasing about 2 folds its initial concentration after the digestion process. Crocetin in plasma was detected in a maximum concentration (Cmax) in blood between 60 and 90 min after oral consumption with dose-dependent response kinetics, showing that crocin isomers from galenic preparation of saffron extract are rapidly transformed into crocetin. The results showed that this tested galenic form is an efficient way to administer a saffron extract, since the observed crocetin Cmax was similar and more quickly bioavailable than those obtained by other studies with much higher concentrations of crocetin.

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“…Crocin administration modulated cardiac Arrhythmia-induced MDA elevation in rats (Jahanbakhsh et al, 2012). Crocin also reduced tissue injury-induced MDA elevation and increased Glutathione concentrations in rats in another study (Altinoz et al, 2016). However, saffron supplementation did not influence seminal total antioxidant capacity in infertile men (Safarinejad, Shafiei, & Safarinejad, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The effect of saffron supplementation on some inflammatory and oxidative markers, leptin, adiponectin, and body composition in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A double‐blind randomized clinical trial

Pour

Aryaeian

Mokhtare

et al. 2020

Phytotherapy Research

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Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by oxidative stress and inflammation in the hepatocytes. Saffron and its constituents are reported to have several properties such as anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects. Materials and methods: In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial with two parallel groups including 76 eligible men and female patients with NAFLD aged 18-65, recruited from Hazrat Rasul Akram Hospital in Tehran, Iran. NAFLD was defined by a Gastroenterologist based on the American Gastrointestinal and Liver Association standards. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups receiving daily supplementation of either one tablet of 100 mg saffron (n = 38) or one placebo (n = 38) for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and secondary outcomes were alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC), leptin, adiponectin, anthropometric, and body composition Both groups were assigned similar diet and physical activity. Results: In the treatment group, significant decreases in hs-CRP (−1.80 ng/ml, 95% CI = −2.97, −0.63, p = .032), leptin (−0.27 ng/ml, 95% CI = −0.65, −0.10, p = .040), MDA (−1.01 ng/ml, 95% CI = −1.89, −0.14, p = .023) and significant increase in TAC (0.34 μmol/L, 95% CI = 0.08, 0.61, p = .011) were observed compared to the placebo group. However, there were no significant changes in serum alanine aminotransferase, AST, TNF-α, body composition, and anthropometric indexes (p > .05). Conclusion: In the present study, 12 weeks of 100 mg of saffron supplementation indicated beneficial effects on serum levels of some inflammatory, oxidative stress, and adipokines biomarkers but it had no significant effect on serum concentrations of liver enzymes, anthropometric, and body composition measurements.

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Saffron (its active constituent, crocin) supplementation attenuates lipid peroxidation and protects against tissue injury

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Saffron extract and crocin exert anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects in a repetitive mild traumatic brain injury mouse model

Saffron extract and crocin exert anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects in a repetitive mild traumatic brain injury mouse model

Bioaccessibility and Pharmacokinetics of a Commercial Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) Extract

The effect of saffron supplementation on some inflammatory and oxidative markers, leptin, adiponectin, and body composition in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A double‐blind randomized clinical trial

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