Safety Science, a Systems Thinking Perspective: From Events to Mental Models and Sustainable Safety

Blokland, P.J. van; Reniers, Genserik

doi:10.3390/su12125164

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The iceberg model helps to demonstrate patterns of behavior, supporting structures and underlying mental models of a particular event [38]. The service and control sectors are where institutions and structures are designed, and the rules and knowledge are created, and where deep leverage or intervention points can be found [39][40][41]. Along with focusing on the production sector, reframing and redesigning manufacturing, service and control sectors (i.e., structures and mental models) based on new paradigms can offer more proactive, transformative and long-lasting solutions.…”

Section: Supply Chains and Deforestation Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deforestation as a Systemic Risk: The Case of Brazilian Bovine Leather

Mammadova¹,

Behagel

Masiero³

et al. 2022

Forests

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Tropical deforestation and forest degradation driven by agricultural commodity production remains one of the important sustainability challenges of our times. The responses to tropical deforestation so far have not managed to reverse global trends of forest loss, reigniting the discussion about more robust and systemic measures. The concept of deforestation risk is highly relevant for current debates about policy and trade, and likely to increase in importance in the context of the proposed EU Regulation on Deforestation-free Products and EU-Mercosur Trade Agreement. We argue that deforestation is a systemic risk that permeates through different economic sectors, including production, manufacturing, service and control sectors. International trade, investment and economic policies thus act as a systemic trap that cause the production sector to continue with nature’s destruction. This article seeks to more clearly define deforestation risk and uses the case of bovine leather from Brazil to illustrate how pressures for deforestation accumulate across economic sectors towards production, while deforestation risk is dispersed in an opposite trajectory. The article draws on multiple datasets and an extensive literature review. Included are quantitative data sources on annual slaughter, bovine hide/leather registry and annual deforestation, slaughterhouse and tannery locations. We argue that the EU banning unsustainable products from entry and putting incentives for more sustainable agricultural production in the tropics addresses deforestation risks that are currently visible and relatively easy to identify. These response mechanisms are conditioned upon traceability of deforestation risk across supply chains, which is prone to falsifications, leakage and laundry. Although proven to be essential, the proposed EU responses still miss out deeper leverage points to address the systemic drivers of deforestation coming from the manufacturing, service and control sectors that make production through deforestation profitable in the first place.

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Section: Supply Chains and Deforestation Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deforestation as a Systemic Risk: The Case of Brazilian Bovine Leather

Mammadova¹,

Behagel

Masiero³

et al. 2022

Forests

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“…At the same time, it is important to discover how the sub-systems interact and create value or produce unwanted events that can be avoided (the role of risk management). Hence, it is necessary to simultaneously consider risk, safety (including security) and performance of even the smallest sub-systems and aim to reduce the number of failed objectives by continuous improvement, creating and maintaining safety in a sustainable way (the role of excellence)" [1].…”

Section: A Systemic Perspective and Integrated Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving Organisational Alignment, Safety and Sustainable Performance in Organisations

Blokland

Reniers

2021

Sustainability

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When looking at socio-technical systems from a systems thinking and systemic perspective, it becomes clear that mental models govern the behaviours and determine the achievements of socio-technical systems. This is also the case for individuals, being systems themselves and, as such, being elements of those socio-technical systems. Individual behaviours result from individual perceptions (mental models). These individual behaviours ideally generate the desired outcomes of a system (team/organisation/society) and create value. However, at the same time, mental models and the associated individual behaviour also bring about unwanted consequences, destroying or diminishing value. Therefore, to achieve safety and to attain sustainable safe performance, understanding and managing mental models in organisations is of paramount importance. Consequently, in organisations and society, one needs to generate the required mental models that create successes and, at the same time, to avoid or eliminate damaging perceptions and ideas in order to protect the created value. Generating and managing mental models involves leadership; leadership skills; and the ability to develop a shared vision, mission and ambition, as this helps determine what is valuable and allows for aligning individual mental models with those that preferably govern the system. In doing so, it is possible to create well-aligned corporate cultures that create and protect value and that generate sustainable safe performance. To achieve this aim, a systemic organisational culture alignment model is proposed. The model is based on the model of logical levels of awareness according to Dilts (1990), Argyris’s ladder of inference (1982) and the organisational alignment model proposed by Tosti (1996). Furthermore, ISO 31000 (2009, 2018) and its guidance are proposed as a practical tool to accomplish this alignment and sustainable safe performance in organisations. Altogether, these elements define Total Respect Management as a concept, mental model and methodology.

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“…Safety and security are two of the main priorities of air transport. According to Blokland and Reniers (2020), safety and security are closely related to sustainability. Basically, they are almost synonymous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflections of The Strategies Applied in the Boeing 737-Max Crisis Management on Passenger Perception

Güngör

2023

isarder

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Purpose ⎯Following the two crashes in Indonesia in 2018 and Ethiopia in 2019, resulting in 346 casualties, Boeing 737-Maxs became a global safety crisis. Boeing has pursued crisis strategies to restore brand trust. This study aims to ascertain whether Turkish passengers are concerned about the safety of Boeing 737-Maxs following two deadly plane crashes and whether they favor airlines that continue to use 737-Maxs. Methodology ⎯In this study, the structured interview research method is adopted to reveal the participants' perceptions of Boeing 737-Maxs. The research sample comprised "Turkish passengers who had no fear of flying" and "who had heard about Boeing 737-Max accidents". A total of 14 interview questions were extracted by reviewing the literature. In this study, interviews were conducted with 32 people. The data collected were subjected to content analysis. Findings ⎯The Boeing 737-Max is considered unsafe by 10 out of 20 men and 11 out of 12 women (or 50% and 92%, respectively). 66% of the participants believe that the Boeing 737-Max is an unsafe airplane. The participants, who had not previously heeded the type of aircraft they flew or heard about Boeing, started to pay attention to the type of aircraft type or identified Boeing with these accidents. Discussions⎯Even though Boeing fixed the issue and resumed flying its aircraft, it is concluded that unfavorable opinions of passengers, who are one of its key stakeholders, persisted.

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Safety Science, a Systems Thinking Perspective: From Events to Mental Models and Sustainable Safety

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

Deforestation as a Systemic Risk: The Case of Brazilian Bovine Leather

Deforestation as a Systemic Risk: The Case of Brazilian Bovine Leather

Achieving Organisational Alignment, Safety and Sustainable Performance in Organisations

Reflections of The Strategies Applied in the Boeing 737-Max Crisis Management on Passenger Perception

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