Safety pharmacology and subchronic toxicity of jinqing granules in rats

Zhou, Xiong; Rong, Qian; Xu, Min; Zhang, Yuanli; Dong, Qi; Xiao, Yuanling; Liu, Qiji; Chen, Helin; Yang, Xiaoyu; Yu, Kaisheng; Li, Yinglun; Zhao, Ling; Ye, Gang; Shi, Fei; Lü, Cheng

doi:10.1186/s12917-017-1095-3

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…At the end of experiment, rats were fasted for 10–12 h before blood sampling. Rats were euthanatized with 1% pentobarbital sodium (intraperitoneal injection, 30 mg/kg), and then the blood samples were withdrawn from the heart into different vacuum tubes [56]. The blood in Na-heparin vacuum tubes were used for hematological measurement which was performed in one hour.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspirin eugenol ester regulates cecal contents metabolomic profile and microbiota in an animal model of hyperlipidemia

Liu

Kong

et al. 2018

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundHyperlipidemia, with an increasing of prevalence, has become one of the common metabolic diseases in companion animal clinic. Aspirin eugenol ester (AEE) is a novel compound that exhibits efficacious anti-hyperlipidemia activities. However, its mechanisms are still not completely known. The objective of present study was to investigate the intervention effects of AEE on cecal contents metabonomics profile and microbiota in hyperlipidemia rats.ResultsThree groups of rats were fed with a control diet, or high fat diet (HFD) containing or not AEE. The results showed the beneficial effects of AEE in HFD-fed rats such as the reducing of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total cholesterol (TCH). Distinct changes in metabonomics profile of cecal contents were observed among control, model and AEE groups. HFD-induced alterations of eight metabolites in cecal contents mainly related with purine metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism were reversed by AEE treatment. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and cluster analysis of microbiota showed altered patterns with distinct differences in AEE group versus model group, indicating that AEE treatment improved the negative effects caused by HFD on cecal microbiota. In addition, the correction analysis revealed the possible link between the identified metabolites and cecal microbiota.ConclusionsThis study showed regulation effects of AEE on cecal contents metabonomics profile and microbiota, which could provide information to reveal the possible underlying mechanism of AEE on hyperlipidemia treatment.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-018-1711-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspirin eugenol ester regulates cecal contents metabolomic profile and microbiota in an animal model of hyperlipidemia

Liu

Kong

et al. 2018

BMC Vet Res

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“…A previous study showed that both Pd and Pt NPs did not induce toxicity in aquatic organism, Daphnia magna [ 43 ]. In our study, the organ coefficient was determined for evaluating the toxicity of PdPt bimetallic NPs on target organs of mice [ 44 , 45 ]. As shown in Table 1 , no differences were found in the organ coefficient of heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and brain among different groups ( P > 0.05).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

NIR Stimulus-Responsive PdPt Bimetallic Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery and Chemo-Photothermal Therapy

et al. 2020

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The combination of chemotherapy and phototherapy has attracted increasing attention for cancer treatment in recent years. In the current study, porous PdPt bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and used as delivery carriers for the anti-cancer drug doxorubicin (DOX). DOX@PdPt NPs were modified with thiol functionalized hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) to generate DOX@PdPt@HA NPs with an average size of 105.2 ± 6.7 nm. Characterization and in vivo and in vitro assessment of anti-tumor effects of DOX@PdPt@HA NPs were further performed. The prepared DOX@PdPt@HA NPs presented a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 49.1% under the irradiation of a single 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) laser. Moreover, NIR laser irradiation-induced photothermal effect triggered the release of DOX from DOX@PdPt@HA NPs. The combined chemo-photothermal treatment of NIR-irradiated DOX@PdPt@HA NPs exerted a stronger inhibitory effect on cell viability than that of DOX or NIR-irradiated PdPt@HA NPs in mouse mammary carcinoma 4T1 cells in vitro. Further, the in vivo combination therapy, which used NIR-irradiated DOX@PdPt@HA NPs in a mouse tumor model established by subcutaneous inoculation of 4T1 cells, was demonstrated to achieve a remarkable tumor-growth inhibition in comparison with chemotherapy or photothermal therapy alone. Results of immunohistochemical staining for caspase-3 and Ki-67 indicated the increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation of tumor cells contributed to the anti-tumor effect of chemo-photothermal treatment. In addition, DOX@PdPt@HA NPs induced negligible toxicity in vivo. Hence, the developed nanoplatform demonstrates great potential for applications in photothermal therapy, drug delivery and controlled release.

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“…Based on the results we determine whether the model was successful. Organ coefficient is a common indicator of chronic toxicity [ 35 , 36 ]. We clarified that Asarum can lead to increased organ coefficients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Contributions to Asarum Powder on Immunology Related Toxicity Effects in Lung

Han

Huang

et al. 2018

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective. Asarum is widely used in clinical practice of Chinese medicine in the treatment of respiratory diseases. Many toxic ingredients (safrole, etc.) had been found in Asarum that show multiple visceral toxicities. In this study, we performed systematic investigation of expression profiles of genes to take a new insight into unclear mechanism of Asarum toxicities in lung. Methods. mRNAs were extracted from lungs of rats after intragastric administration with/without Asarum powders, and microarray assays were applied to investigate gene expression profiles. Differentially expressed genes with significance were selected to carry out GO analysis. Subsequently, quantitative PCRs were performed to verify the differential expression of Tmprss6, Prkag3, Nptx2, Antxr11, Klk11, Rag2, Olr77, Cd7, Il20, LOC69, C6, Ccl20, LOC68, and Cd163 in lung. Changes of Ampk, Bcl2, Caspase 3, Il1, Il20, Matriptase2, Nfκb, Nptx2, and Rag2 in the lung on protein level were verified by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results. Compared with control group, the estimated organ coefficients were relatively increased in Asarum group. Results of GO analysis showed that a group of immune related genes in lung were expressed abnormally. The result of PCRs showed that Ccl20 was downregulated rather than other upregulated genes in the Asarum group. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry images showed that Asarum can upregulate the expression of Ampk, Caspase 3, Il1, Il20, Matriptase2, Nfκb, and Rag2 and downregulate the expression of Bcl2 in lung. Conclusion. Our data suggest that expressions of immune related genes in lung were selectively altered by Asarum. Therefore, inflammatory response was active, by regulating Caspase 3, Il1, Il20, Matriptase2, Nfκb, Rag2, Tmprss6, Prkag3, Nptx2, Antxr1, Klk11, Olr77, Cd7, LOC69, C6, LOC68, Cd163, Ampk, Bcl2, and Ccl20. Our study indicated that inflammatory factors take effect in lung toxicity caused by Asarum, which provides a new insight into molecular mechanism of Asarum toxicities in lung.

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Safety pharmacology and subchronic toxicity of jinqing granules in rats

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

Aspirin eugenol ester regulates cecal contents metabolomic profile and microbiota in an animal model of hyperlipidemia

Aspirin eugenol ester regulates cecal contents metabolomic profile and microbiota in an animal model of hyperlipidemia

NIR Stimulus-Responsive PdPt Bimetallic Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery and Chemo-Photothermal Therapy

New Contributions to Asarum Powder on Immunology Related Toxicity Effects in Lung

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