Safety of Upper-Room Ultraviolet Germicidal Air Disinfection for Room Occupants: Results from the Tuberculosis Ultraviolet Shelter Study

Nardell, Edward A.; Bucher, Scott; Brickner, Philip W.; Wang, Charles; Vincent, Richard L.; Becan-McBride, Kathleen; James, Mark A.; Michael, Max; Wright, James

doi:10.1177/003335490812300108

Cited by 99 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…No adverse UV effects were reported by patients or staff, and staff and patient exposures measured with the personal UV meter were within permitted levels. This concurs with other recent data concerning upper-room UV safety [17]. TB infection control is a global public health priority owing to the epidemic, and to the importance of nosocomial transmission in the propagation of multi-and extensively drug-resistant strains.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

The Influence Ultraviolet Light and Scent Therapy for Reducing Germs Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Ikhwan¹,

Madhona²

2017

Proceedings of the 1st Public Health International Conference (PHICo 2016)

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Abstract-In Tanjungpinang, the incidence of pulmonary TB is still quite high. In 2011 as many 2,536 as suspected pulmonary TB positive cases examined and 216 as patients. In 2012 have been examined as many as 2,065 patients with chronic cough sputum specimens. The total positive from smear positive bacteria is 184 specimens.(District Health Office of Tanjungpinang, 2012). Pulmonary tuberculosis is a communicable disease which is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which can live up to several hours in the dark and damp but will die when exposed to ultraviolet light. The purpose of this study is known UVC-Aromatherapy therapeutic effect against germs decreased levels of Tb in positive patients with pulmonary Tb. This research is an experimental research with pre-experimental design one group pre-test-post-test. The subjects and object of this research were positive pulmonary TB patients as cases and UVC-Aromatherapy.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

The Influence Ultraviolet Light and Scent Therapy for Reducing Germs Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Ikhwan¹,

Madhona²

2017

Proceedings of the 1st Public Health International Conference (PHICo 2016)

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“…High-intensity light restricted to the upper part of the room by special louvered fixtures inactivates microorganisms as they circulate through the room via air currents. Due to the louvered fixtures, the UV levels in the lower, occupied part of the room remain at safe levels (25). The aim of our investigation was to determine Z values for influenza virus aerosols at low, medium, and high relative humidity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol Susceptibility of Influenza Virus to UV-C Light

McDevitt

Rudnick

Radonovich³

2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

144

150

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The person-to-person transmission of influenza virus, especially in the event of a pandemic caused by a highly virulent strain of influenza, such as H5N1 avian influenza, is of great concern due to widespread mortality and morbidity. The consequences of seasonal influenza are also substantial. Because airborne transmission appears to play a role in the spread of influenza, public health interventions should focus on preventing or interrupting this process. Air disinfection via upper-room 254-nm germicidal UV (UV-C) light in public buildings may be able to reduce influenza transmission via the airborne route. We characterized the susceptibility of influenza A virus (H1N1, PR-8) aerosols to UV-C light using a benchtop chamber equipped with a UVC exposure window. We evaluated virus susceptibility to UV-C doses ranging from 4 to 12 J/m 2 at three relative humidity levels (25, 50, and 75%). Our data show that the Z values (susceptibility factors) were higher (more susceptible) to UV-C than what has been reported previously. Furthermore, dose-response plots showed that influenza virus susceptibility increases with decreasing relative humidity. This work provides an essential scientific basis for designing and utilizing effective upper-room UV-C light installations for the prevention of the airborne transmission of influenza by characterizing its susceptibility to UV-C.

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“…Upper-room UVGI has a good safety record, with most eye or skin overexposure resulting from poor fixture design or placement (Nardell 1993b;Rudnick 2001;Nardell et al 2008Nardell et al , 2013. Guidelines for evaluating UV fixture safety and for maintenance are available (First et al 1999a,b).…”

Section: Upper Room Uvgimentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission and Institutional Infection Control of Tuberculosis

Nardell

2015

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med

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Tuberculosis (TB) transmission control in institutions is evolving with increased awareness of the rapid impact of treatment on transmission, the importance of the unsuspected, untreated case of transmission, and the advent of rapid molecular diagnostics. With active case finding based on cough surveillance and rapid drug susceptibility testing, in theory, it is possible to be reasonably sure that no patient enters a facility with undiagnosed TB or drug resistance. Droplet nuclei transmission of TB is reviewed with an emphasis on risk factors relevant to control. Among environmental controls, natural ventilation and upper-room ultraviolet germicidal ultraviolet air disinfection are the most cost-effective choices, although high-volume mechanical ventilation can also be used. Room air cleaners are generally not recommended. Maintenance is required for all engineering solutions. Finally, personal protection with fittested respirators is used in many situations where administrative and engineering methods cannot assure protection. HOW TUBERCULOSIS IS TRANSMITTED

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Safety of Upper-Room Ultraviolet Germicidal Air Disinfection for Room Occupants: Results from the Tuberculosis Ultraviolet Shelter Study

Abstract: These findings demonstrate that careful application of upper-room UVGI can be achieved without an apparent increase in the incidence of the most common side effects of accidental UV overexposure.

Cited by 99 publications

References 21 publications

The Influence Ultraviolet Light and Scent Therapy for Reducing Germs Pulmonary Tuberculosis

The Influence Ultraviolet Light and Scent Therapy for Reducing Germs Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Aerosol Susceptibility of Influenza Virus to UV-C Light

Transmission and Institutional Infection Control of Tuberculosis

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