Safety of the omega-3 fatty acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in psychiatric patients: Results from a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Emsley, Robin; Niehaus, Dana J.H.; Oosthuizen, Piet; Koen, Liezl; Ascott-Evans, Brynne; Chiliza, Bonginkosi; Rensburg, Susan J. van; Smit, Retha

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2007.06.029

Cited by 46 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Taking capsules with food minimized nausea. No change in body-mass index (BMI) was found, in contrast to the modest increase found by Emsley and colleagues [37] over a shorter study period.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 62%

Reduction in perseverative errors with adjunctive ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid in patients with schizophrenia: Preliminary study

Reddy

Fleet-Michaliszyn

Condray

et al. 2011

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 62%

Reduction in perseverative errors with adjunctive ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid in patients with schizophrenia: Preliminary study

Reddy

Fleet-Michaliszyn

Condray

et al. 2011

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids

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“…Ainda que a maioria dos estudos avaliados na presente revisão não tenha relatado efeitos adversos associados à suplementação de n-3, os profissionais da área da saúde devem estar cientes de um possível aumento do tempo de sangramento, do peso corporal e dos níveis de colesterol total e HDL-colesterol 44 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Ácidos graxos ômega 3 e tratamento da esquizofrenia

Zemdegs¹,

Pimentel²,

Priel³

2010

Rev. psiquiatr. clín.

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ResumoContexto: A esquizofrenia é uma desordem psiquiátrica complexa e debilitante cujo tratamento de base é realizado com medicamentos antipsicóticos. No entanto, evidências sugerem que a suplementação dietética com ácidos graxos ômega 3 (n-3) pode ser benéfica em diversas desordens psiquiátricas. Objetivo: Revisar a eficácia do n-3 como coadjuvante no tratamento farmacológico da esquizofrenia. Métodos: Realizou-se uma pesquisa nas bases de dados eletrônicas Medline, Lilacs e SciELO. A estratégia de busca também incluiu a busca em árvore. Todos os estudos randomizados e controlados relevantes foram incluídos nesta revisão, independentemente do ano de publicação. Resultados: Até o momento, foram divulgados seis estudos randomizados, duplo-cegos placebo controlados; cinco deles apresentaram resultados positivos na melhora dos sintomas da esquizofrenia, assinalando, ainda, superioridade do ácido graxo eicosapentaenoico (EPA) em relação ao ácido graxo docosaexaenoico. Em geral, o consumo de 2 g/dia de EPA conjuntamente com a medicação antipsicótica usual parece reduzir a sintomatologia da esquizofrenia, particularmente os sintomas positivos. Conclusão: A terapia nutricional com EPA mostrou-se útil como coadjuvante no tratamento da esquizofrenia. Por conseguinte, sugere-se que os pacientes esquizofrênicos sejam encorajados a consumir refeições balanceadas e saudáveis ricas em EPA e, caso a quantidade ideal não seja atingida pela dieta, a suplementação pode ser benéfica. Zemdegs JCS, et al. / Rev Psiq Clín. 2010;37(5):223-7Palavras-chave: Esquizofrenia, nutrição, ácido eicosapentaenoico, ácido graxo ômega 3, tratamento. AbstractBackground: Schizophrenia is a complex and debilitating psychiatric disorder, whose primary pharmacological intervention is the use of antipsychotics. There is, however, growing evidence that dietary supplementation with omega 3 fatty acids (n-3) may be beneficial in several psychiatric conditions. Objective: To review the efficacy of n-3 as a treatment for schizophrenia. Methods: Electronic searches of the following databases were performed: Medline, Lilacs e SciELO. The search strategy also included cited reference searching. All relevant randomized controlled trials were included in the review. Results: To date, five out of six randomized, double-blind, and placebo controlled studies obtained improvement in the symptoms of the psychosis. Besides, an advantage in the intake of eicosapentaenoic fatty acid (EPA) in relation to docosahexaenoic fatty acid was designated. Essentially, the intake of 2 g/day of EPA in addition to the standard medication was effective in decreasing the symptoms of schizophrenia. Discussion: The nutritional therapy with EPA revealed to be useful as coadjutant in the treatment of schizophrenia. Therefore, we suggest that the schizophrenic patients should be encouraged to consume balanced and healthy meals rich in EPA and, if the ideal amount is not reached by the diet, the supplementation is likely to be beneficial.

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“…100 The role of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid supplementation on side effects in patients with schizophrenia has been assessed in 3 RCTs. [102][103][104] These trials found no difference in side effects, extrapyramidal side effects, and tardive dyskinesia with active treatment and placebo. However, all of these trials were small and of short duration.…”

Section: Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emsley et al did find increased bleeding time, body mass index, and decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations in patients preand post-EPA supplementation. 103 Studies assessing prevention of psychosis with omega-3 fatty acid supplementation are promising. Although far from conclusive, data suggest omega-3 fatty acids are more beneficial for nonaffective psychoses.…”

Section: Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Mental Illness

Gören

Tewksbury

2011

Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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Purpose: This article will summarize the current evidence on the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on prevention and treatment of mental illness. Background: Omega-3 fatty acids are involved in many physiologic processes. Since they cannot be made de novo in the body, they are considered essential nutrients. As the Western diet evolved, dietary intake of fatty acids has shifted to increased omega-6 fatty acids and decreased omega-3 fatty acids intake. These changes have been correlated with numerous differences in prevalence and course of mental illnesses. Methods: A MEDLINE search from 1966 to December 2010 was completed to identify studies comparing changes in symptoms, functioning, other outcomes, and/or side effects in patients treated with omega-3 fatty acids for mental illness. The studies were reviewed and reported by specific psychiatric disorder studied. Conclusions: Omega-3 fatty acids play a role in many biologic functions. Epidemiologic data implicate omega-3 fatty acid deficiencies in many mental illnesses. Data are most robust for omega-3 fatty acids' role in affective disorders. However, data are conflicting, negative, or absent for most mental illnesses.

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Safety of the omega-3 fatty acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in psychiatric patients: Results from a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Cited by 46 publications

References 30 publications

Reduction in perseverative errors with adjunctive ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid in patients with schizophrenia: Preliminary study

Reduction in perseverative errors with adjunctive ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid in patients with schizophrenia: Preliminary study

Ácidos graxos ômega 3 e tratamento da esquizofrenia

The Use of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Mental Illness

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