Safety of Percutaneous Fine-Needle Pancreatic Biopsy: a Porcine Model

Endoscopic Ultrasound–Guided Fine Needle Aspiration of the Pancreas

“…11 It carries a complication rate, < 1%, and multiple cytologic biopsies can be performed with low risk. 12 The need for exploratory surgery can be eliminated with EUS-FNAB, resulting in a substantial saving in health care expenditures.…”

Percutaneous Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy of Pancreatic Cancer Guided by Ultrasonography

“…Focal serosal bleeding is occasionally noted without evidence of perforation. Coel and Niwayama 16 ) performed biopsies on 16 pigs without clinically apparent complication, although histologic examination of one of the specimens demonstrated a small are of focal hemorrage. There were reports of complications such as intestinal bleeding 4 ) , fatal necrotizing pancreatitis 17 ) and hematoma 3 ) .…”