Safety of Oral Carica papaya L. Leaf 10% Ethanolic Extract for Acute and Chronic Toxicity Tests in Sprague Dawley Rats

Abstract

Carica papaya L. leaves, traditionally utilized in dietary supplements and pharmaceuticals, exhibit a broad spectrum of potentially therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, and wound healing properties. This study examined the acute and chronic toxicity of 10% ethanolic-extracted C. papaya leaf in Sprague Dawley rats. The acute toxicity assessment was a single oral dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight, while the chronic toxicity assessment included daily oral doses of 100, 400, 1000, and 5000 mg/kg over 180 days. Systematic monitoring covered a range of physiological and behavioral parameters, including body and organ weights. End-point evaluations encompassed hematological and biochemical analyses, along with gross and histopathological examinations of internal organs. Findings revealed no acute toxicity in the C. papaya leaf extract group, although a significant decrease in uterine weight was observed without accompanying histopathology abnormalities. In the chronic toxicity assessment, no statistically significant differences between the control and the C. papaya leaf extract groups were detected across multiple measures, including behavioral, physiological, and hematological indices. Importantly, histopathological examination corroborated the absence of any tissue abnormalities. The study results indicate that C. papaya leaf extract exhibited no adverse effects on the rats during the 180-day oral administration period, affirming its potential safety for prolonged usage.

Cytotoxicity Test of Ethyl Acetate Fraction and Ethanol Fraction of Papaya Leaf Extract (Carica Papaya. L) Against Hep-2 Laryngeal Cancer Cells

“…Tanaman pepaya berkhasiat sebagai antiinflamasi dari ekstrak akar pepaya (Xu et al, 2023); (Symma et al, 2021), antikanker dari ekstrak daun pepaya (Anilkumar & Bhanu P A, 2022); (Devanesan et al, 2021) Data empiris ini didukung oleh penelitian sebelumnya tentang uji toksisitas ekstrak daun pepaya menggunakan metode Brine Shirmp Lethality Test (BSLT) pada ekstrak etanol daunpepaya memiliki nilai LC50 23,73 μg/ml. Dengan demikian ekstrak etanol daun pepaya dikatakan toksik karena mempunyai nilai LC50< 1000 μg/ml (Taychaworaditsakul et al, 2024);(Setiawan et al, 2022). Hasil pendahuluan ini mengindikasikan bahwa ekstrak daun pepaya juga akan toksik apabila diujikan pada sel kanker sehingga berpotensi untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut sebagai obat antikanker.…”