Safety of Maitake D-Fraction in Healthy Patients: Assessment of Common Hematologic Parameters

Glauco, Smadelli; Jano, Freddo; Paolo, G.; Konno, Sensuke

doi:10.1089/1076280041580341

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…D-Fraction is a standardized form of protein-bound β-glucans (proteoglucan) extracted from the fruit bodies of Maitake, considered as a dietary supplement. While most mushroom-derived β-glucans have a 1,3 main chain with 1,6 branches only, β-glucans found in D-Fraction have a unique and complex structure, containing both a 1,6 main chain having a greater degree of 1,3 branches, and a 1,3 main chain having 1,6 branches [ 12 , 13 ]. Animal studies and early clinical trials showed that ingestion of Maitake D-Fraction is safe with no toxic or adverse effects and that may even provide health benefits and improvements in the treatment of some types of cancer [ 12 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antitumoral and antimetastatic activity of Maitake D-Fraction in triple-negative breast cancer cells

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with poor prognosis, high local recurrence rate and high rate of metastasis compared with other breast cancer subtypes. In addition, TNBC lacks a targeted therapy. This scenario highlights the need for novel compounds with high potential for TNBC treatment. In this regard, natural products are important sources of anticancer drugs. D-Fraction, a proteoglucan extracted from the edible and medicinal mushroom Grifola frondosa (Maitake), is a dietary supplement that has been shown to exert both immunostimulatory and immune-independent antitumoral effects on some cancer types. However, its antitumoral potential in TNBC is unknown. Therefore, we employed TNBC cells to investigate if D-Fraction is able to attenuate their aggressive phenotype. We found that D-Fraction decreases MDA-MB-231 cell viability through apoptosis induction and reduces their metastatic potential. D-Fraction increases cell-cell adhesion by increasing E-cadherin protein levels and β-catenin membrane localization, and increases cell-substrate adhesion. D-Fraction also decreases cell motility by affecting actin cytoskeleton rearrangements, and proteolytic activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Furthermore, D-Fraction decreases the invasive capacity of MDA-MB-231 cells. In concordance, D-Fraction retards tumor growth and reduces lung metastases in a xenograft model. Altogether, these results suggest the potential therapeutic role of D-Fraction in aggressive TNBC.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antitumoral and antimetastatic activity of Maitake D-Fraction in triple-negative breast cancer cells

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We also found that PDF appeared to sustain the high levels of NK cell and CTL activities, indicating an alert immune surveillance, and to improve physical/mental soundness and quality of life of these patients. Taken all together, PDF is indeed safe to cancer patients (as well as healthy subjects37) and may also offer some health benefits, comfort, and hope to those patients.…”

Section: Maitake D-fraction (Pdf)mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Various hematologic parameters including complete blood count, serum glucose, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), bilirubin, creatinin, hepatic enzymes, etc. were evaluated before and after a one-month PDF regimen 37. All hematologic data were subjected to statistical analysis and summarized in Table 2.…”

Section: Maitake D-fraction (Pdf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic potentiation of D-fraction with vitamin C as possible alternative approach for cancer therapy

Konno¹

2009

IJGM

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Maitake D-fraction or PDF is the bioactive extract of maitake mushroom (Grifola frondosa) and its active constituent is the protein-bound polysaccharide (proteoglucan), or more specifically known as β-glucan. PDF has been extensively studied and a number of its medicinal potentials/properties have been unveiled and demonstrated. Those include various physiological benefits ranging from immunomodulatory and antitumor activities to treatment for hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, viral infections (hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus), and obesity. Particularly, two major biological activities of PDF, immunomodulatory and antitumor activities, have been the main target for scientific and clinical research. To demonstrate and confirm such biological activities, numerous studies have been performed in vitro and in vivo or in clinical settings. These studies showed that PDF was indeed capable of modulating immunologic and hematologic parameters, inhibiting or regressing the cancer cell growth, and even improving quality of life of cancer patients. Synergistic potentiation of PDF with vitamin C demonstrated in vitro is rather interesting and may have clinical implication, because such combination therapy appears to help improve the efficacy of currently ongoing cancer therapies. Recently, intravenous administration of vitamin C has been often used to increase its physiological concentration and this useful procedure may further make this combination therapy feasible. Therefore, PDF may have great potential, either being used solely or combined with other agents, for cancer therapy. Such relevant and detailed studies will be described and discussed herein with a special focus on the combination of PDF and vitamin C as a viable therapeutic option.

show abstract

“…Most importantly, as far as the safety of PDF is concerned, the United States Food and Drug Administration has exempted PDF from a phase I toxicology study and also approved it for the investigational new drug application allowing a phase II pilot study on those patients with advanced breast and prostate cancers[ 29 ]. Moreover, a randomized clinical study of PDF on healthy subjects (non-cancerous participants) reported no apparent adverse effects on any participants[ 30 ]. Thus, these findings support the safety of PDF without any potential side effects, granting its use in cancer patients as well as normal healthy people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SX-fraction: Promise for novel treatment of type 2 diabetes

Konno

2020

WJD

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SX-fraction (SXF) is a bioactive glycoprotein with anti-diabetic and hypoglycemic activities that have been documented in several reports. We have reviewed those studies herein and also explored the possible mechanism of its hypoglycemic activity. The early animal studies of SXF using diabetic mice showed the significant reduction in the three diabetic parameters, serum glucose, insulin, and triglyceride, suggesting its anti-diabetic activity. The limited clinical studies also showed that SXF led to the significant reduction in the fasting blood glucose levels of type 2 diabetic patients within 2 wk or a month, suggesting its hypoglycemic activity. To explore the hypoglycemic mechanism of SXF, its possible effects on the insulin signal transduction pathway was examined in vitro . Particularly, activities of insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate 1, and protein kinase B, which are essential elements playing a key regulatory role in the signal pathway, were studied using skeletal muscle L6 cells. The status of these three parameters were examined under a high glucose (35 mmol/L) milieu with SXF and assessed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Such studies revealed that all three parameters (insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate 1, and protein kinase B) were inactivated by high glucose, indicating a disruption of the signal pathway. However, such an inactivation was reversed or re-activated by SXF to successfully carry out the sequential signaling events. In fact, a measurement of glucose uptake in cells showed that SXF did increase a glucose uptake while high glucose decreased it. Therefore, SXF has anti-diabetic and hypoglycemic activities through activation of the insulin signal pathway and appears to be a safe, natural agent for lowering the serum glucose levels in type 2 diabetic patents and improving their diabetic conditions.

show abstract

Safety of Maitake D-Fraction in Healthy Patients: Assessment of Common Hematologic Parameters

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Antitumoral and antimetastatic activity of Maitake D-Fraction in triple-negative breast cancer cells

Antitumoral and antimetastatic activity of Maitake D-Fraction in triple-negative breast cancer cells

Synergistic potentiation of D-fraction with vitamin C as possible alternative approach for cancer therapy

SX-fraction: Promise for novel treatment of type 2 diabetes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About