Safety evaluation of AMP deaminase from Aspergillus oryzae

Okado, Nobuo; Sugi, Mai; Ueda, Maya; Mizuhashi, Fukutaro; Lynch, Barry; Vo, Trung D.; Roberts, Ashley

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2015.11.001

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The "treat-and-wash" method was employed in bacterial reverse mutation tests on other enzymes intended for food production which support the conclusion of a non-mutagenicity of purine nucleosidase under the conditions of this assay. [32][33][34] The lack of genotoxic potential of purine nucleosidase from A. luchuensis was further confirmed in the in vitro mammalian chromosome aberration assay in which no evidence of clastogenic effects were observed up to the highest concentrations tested.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Safety assessment of purine nucleosidase from Aspergillus luchuensis

Meetro

Floyd

et al. 2021

Toxicology Research and Application

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purine nucleosidase (EC 3.2.2.1) catalyzes the N-riboside hydrolysis of purine nucleosides to D-ribose and a purine base. This enzyme may be used in the production of beer and other alcoholic beverages to reduce the purine content of these products. Purine nucleosidase was obtained from Aspergillus luchuensis naturally occurring in grain sources. The safety profile of purine nucleosidase is not well documented in the scientific literature, and a series of toxicological studies were undertaken to investigate the safety of its use in food production. Purine nucleosidase from A. luchuensis was non-mutagenic and non-clastogenic in a standard Ames test and in vitro mammalian chromosome aberration assay. Administration of purine nucleosidase in a 90-day subchronic toxicity study in Sprague-Dawley rats did not elicit adverse findings on any hematology, clinical chemistry, urinalysis, organ weight, or histopathological parameter at doses up to 1700 mg total organic solids (TOS)/kg body weight/day, the highest dose tested. The results suggest purine nucleosidase to lack systemic toxic effect. The no-observed-adverse-effect level was concluded to be 1700 mg TOS/kg body weight/day. The results of the toxicology studies support the safety of purine nucleosidase from a non-genetically modified strain of A. luchuensis when used in food production.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Safety assessment of purine nucleosidase from Aspergillus luchuensis

Meetro

Floyd

et al. 2021

Toxicology Research and Application

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Given that the material is largely proteinaceous, this finding is not surprising and is consistent with the studies of other enzymes produced from other microorganisms, including Aspergillus oryzae and A. niger. 37,38 While the current data support the safety of the β-fructofuranosidase enzyme concentrate produced from A. brunneoviolaceus, it is typical that the safety assessment of enzyme products give consideration to the source organism in addition to the inherent hazard profile of the enzyme. 27,39 No published scientific opinions regarding the safety of A. brunneoviolaceus were identified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Safety assessment of β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus brunneoviolaceus

Meetro

Lynch

et al. 2021

Toxicology Research and Application

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

β-Fructofuranosidase (β-D-fructofuranoside fructohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.26) is used in the production of fructo-oligosaccharides that are commonly used by the food industry as prebiotics for their purported health benefits. The β-fructofuranosidase discussed herein is obtained from a novel source organism that is a non-genetically modified strain of Aspergillus brunneoviolaceus, which phylogenetically belongs to the Aspergillus section Nigri. The safety of β-fructofuranosidase was evaluated in a series of toxicology studies as prescribed by Tier 1 toxicity testing by the European Food Safety Authority, including an evaluation of the mutagenicity and genotoxicity potential using the in vitro bacterial reverse mutation and mammalian chromosomal aberration assays, as well as systemic toxicity in a 90-day oral subchronic toxicity study in Sprague-Dawley rats. β-Fructofuranosidase was demonstrated to lack mutagenic or genotoxic potential based on the results of the in vitro assays due to absence of increased revertant colonies in the bacterial reverse mutation test and incidence of chromosome aberrations in the chromosomal aberration assay. Administration of β-fructofuranosidase by gavage at doses up to 1200 mg total organic solids (TOS)/kg body weight/day for 90 days did not elicit any systemic toxic effects in rats based on a lack of adverse effect in any study parameter, and therefore the no-observed-adverse-effect level of β-fructofuranosidase was concluded to be 1200 mg TOS/kg body weight/day, the highest dose tested. The results of the toxicology studies on β-fructofuranosidase from A. brunneoviolaceus demonstrate this species to be a safe and suitable source of enzymes for use by the food industry.

show abstract

“…Some Aspergillus can produce certain toxins, which are harmful to health [26,27]. In vivo safety evaluation can evaluate its safety in food production [28]. The acute oral toxicity test, bone marrow micronucleus test, sperm deformity test and subchronic toxicity feeding test were used to prove that the crude enzyme produced by A. japonicas PJ01 is safe and nontoxic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Evaluation and Whole Genome Sequencing of Aspergillus japonicas PJ01 Reveal Its Potential to Degrade Citrus Segments in Juice Processing

Qian

Gao

Wang

et al. 2021

Foods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aspergillus japonicas PJ01 (A. japonicas PJ01) is a strain isolated from the rotten branches. In previ-ous studies, it was shown that it can produce complex enzymes to degrade polysaccharide com-ponents. In this study, we evaluated the safety of its crude enzyme solution. Acute oral toxicity, subchronic toxicity, micronucleus and sperm malformation tests all validated the high biologi-cal safety for the crude enzymes. Secondly, we carried out the citrus segment degradation ex-periment of crude enzyme solution. Compared with the control group, the crude enzyme solu-tion of A. japonicas PJ01 can completely degrade the segments in 50 min, which provides the basis for enzymatic peeling during juice processing. The whole genome sequencing showed that the genome of A. japonicus PJ01 has a GC content of 51.37% with a size of 36204647 bp, and encoded 10070 genes. GO, COG, KEGG and CAZy databases were used in gene annotation analyses. Pathway enrichment showed many genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, rich in genes re-lated to pectinase, xylanase and carboxylcellulase. Therefore, the complex enzyme produced by A. japonicus PJ01 can be used in gizzard juice processing to achieve efficient enzymatic decapsu-lation.

show abstract

Safety evaluation of AMP deaminase from Aspergillus oryzae

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Safety assessment of purine nucleosidase from Aspergillus luchuensis

Safety assessment of purine nucleosidase from Aspergillus luchuensis

Safety assessment of β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus brunneoviolaceus

Safety Evaluation and Whole Genome Sequencing of Aspergillus japonicas PJ01 Reveal Its Potential to Degrade Citrus Segments in Juice Processing

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About