Safety assessment of miraculin using in silico and in vitro digestibility analyses

Tafazoli, Shahrzad; Vo, Trung D.; Roberts, Ashley; Rodríguez, Clara E.; Viñas, René; Madonna, Michael E.; Chiang, Yi‐Hsuan; Noronha, Juliana W.; Holguin, Johnathan C.; Ryder, Jason A.; Perlstein, Alan

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2019.110762

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The sweetness perception reached its peak in the first 5 min and was highly reduced at the end of the test period. The duration of the taste‐altering effect (up to 120 mins) was in line with what has been reported elsewhere (Kurihara and Beidler, 1968; Igarashi et al., 2013; Rodrigues et al., 2016; Tafazoli et al., 2019). According to the applicant, none of the participants reported any adverse effects.…”

Section: Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 90%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Safety of dried fruits of Synsepalum dulcificum as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283

Nutrition¹,

Turck²,

Castenmiller³

et al. 2021

EFS2

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Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens ( NDA ) was asked to deliver an opinion on dried fruits of Synsepalum dulcificum as a novel food ( NF ) pursuant to Regulation ( EU ) 2015/2283. The NF is pitted and dried (by lyophilisation) fruits of S. dulcificum . The NF contains the glycoprotein miraculin (≤ 2.5%) which causes sour and acidic foods to taste sweet. The fruits have a documented history of consumption in Africa and products thereof can be found in different markets worldwide. Information on the production process and the composition of the NF is sufficient and does not raise safety concerns. The applicant proposes to use the NF as or in food supplements for the adult population, excluding pregnant and lactating women, at a maximum daily amount of 0.9 g. Taking into account these conditions of use, the Panel considers that the consumption of the NF is not nutritionally disadvantageous. The provided genotoxicity studies do not raise concerns for genotoxicity of the NF . The Panel concludes that the only dose tested in a 90‐day oral toxicity study of 2,000 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day was not associated with adverse effects. By applying an uncertainty factor of 200, the Panel concludes that the NF is safe at an intake level of 10 mg/kg bw per day, corresponding to a maximum daily intake of 0.7 g of the NF for the target population, rather than 0.9 g/day as proposed by the applicant.

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Section: Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…A similar in silico evaluation using the allergen database ‘Allergen Online’8 was performed to evaluate the potential allergenicity of miraculin (Tafazoli et al., 2019, 2020). An identity match higher than 35% over an 80 amino acid window was taken as a significant sequence homology and evidence for cross‐reactivity.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of dried fruits of Synsepalum dulcificum as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283

Nutrition¹,

Turck²,

Castenmiller³

et al. 2021

EFS2

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“…Due to the increasing interest in S. dulcificum, this study purposively targeted the fruit and its components. For instance, while the edible ratio is of great interest in medicinal, pharmaceutical, food and beverages industries 19 , the seed mass is of interest in pharmaceutical and cosmetics 12,13,75 . Consequently, knowledge of the tree-to tree or population-to population variation for these specific traits would be useful for elite tree selection by the breeders and decision making for investment by stakeholders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic variation, functional traits repeatability and core collection inference in Synsepalum dulcificum (Schumach & Thonn.) Daniell reveals the Dahomey Gap as a centre of diversity

Tchokponhoué

Achigan‐Dako

N’Danikou

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The miracle plant Synsepalum dulcificum is a multipurpose natural sweetener and a promising West African orphan fruit shrub candidate for genetic improvement. Unfortunately, basic knowledge such as phenotypic variation and inheritance estimates required for implementing a breeding program are still lacking. A set of 203 accessions were sampled in two habitats from seven populations spread across the Dahomey Gap (DG) and the Upper Guinea forest (UG) in West Africa. The phenotypic diversity and allometric relationships among functional traits were analysed; the broad-sense heritability was estimated for fruit-traits, and a mini-core collection was developed in the species. Quantitative variation in tree- and fruit-traits was recorded, and multivariate analyses were performed to assess relationships among accessions, whereas heritability was estimated using the coefficient of repeatability. Tree-traits observed in S. dulcificum were more variable than fruit-traits. While habitat-type only affected tree-traits, the provenance population significantly affected both fruit- and tree-traits, with the UG populations outperforming the DG ones. Significant correlations were observed among fruit-traits on one hand, and among tree-traits on the other hand, whereas poor correlations were observed between tree- and fruit-traits. The multivariate analysis grouped accessions in three clusters. Promising individuals for high fruit mass and pulp-dense genotypes’ selection were identified within clusters. Repeatability estimates for fruit-traits ranged from 0.015 (edible ratio) to 0.88 (fruit mass). The Core Hunter algorithm enabled the extraction of 41 individuals as robust representatives of the initial set of 203 accessions, and the mapping of this core collection suggested Dahomey Gap as a centre of diversity of the species. These original findings offer opportunities, not only for the genetic improvement of S. dulcificum, but also for targeted ex-situ conservation in the species.

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“…Miraculin is a glycoprotein containing 191 amino acid residues along with two glycosylated polypeptides, Asn-42 and Asn-186, cross-linked by a disul ide bond. Miraculin is 4,00,000 times sweeter than sucrose on a molar basis (Theerasilp et al, 1989), which subjected for the sweet taste, the protein binds to sweetness receptors, resulting in sour-tasting foods to be perceived sweet (Tafazoli et al, 2019). Miracle berries leave, and roots are rich in carbohydrate, ibers, tannins, cardiac glycosides, polyphenols, lavonoids and minerals (Osabor et al, 2016).…”

Section: Recombinant Miraculin Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Synsepalum Dulcificum: A Review

Sadhana

Joghee

Hamsalakshmi

2020

ijrps

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Synsepalum dulcificum also regarded as a miracle berry, belonging to the Sapotaceae family. It is cultivated for its mild fruits, which makes sour foods to give a sweet taste, the effect lasts for about 30 minutes. The plant is a shrub, containing red coloured fruits and localised to West Africa. They used this plant as their palm wine and also used this for certain other beverages to make it sweetened regionally. Because of its remarkable sweet potential used to make the sour foods taste sweet. Miraculin is the glycoprotein present in the plant responsible for the sweet taste. Some of the reported health benefits are anti-diabetic, effective food enhancer, taste disorder in cancer, alter the taste. The plant is known for its production of transgenic tomatoes. Ethnobotany uses of the plants includes in the treatment of male infertility, Asthma, Haemorrhoids, Anti-cancer etc. The aim of the present review was to brief the literature survey of the plant through the internet like PubMed and Google scholar for forming the platform to illustrate the ethnopharmacology of the plant, information about the traditional usage, important chemical constituents and selected pharmacological activities of the plant were gathered from available research papers to frame the review. The current review also highlights the phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of Synsepalum dulcificum which will have been helped in the researchers for the further qualitative research.

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Safety assessment of miraculin using in silico and in vitro digestibility analyses

Cited by 14 publications

References 41 publications

Safety of dried fruits of Synsepalum dulcificum as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283

Safety of dried fruits of Synsepalum dulcificum as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283

Phenotypic variation, functional traits repeatability and core collection inference in Synsepalum dulcificum (Schumach & Thonn.) Daniell reveals the Dahomey Gap as a centre of diversity

Synsepalum Dulcificum: A Review

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