Safety Assessment of Lecithin and Other Phosphoglycerides as Used in Cosmetics

Johnson, Wilbur; Bergfeld, Wilma F.; Belsito, D.; Hill, Ronald A.; Klaassen, Curtis D.; Liebler, D.C.; Marks, James G.; Shank, Ronald C.; Slaga, Thomas J.; Snyder, Paul W.; Gill, Lillian J.; Heldreth, Bart

doi:10.1177/1091581820953123

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Chitosan is regarded as safe, biocompatible, and biodegradable; however, it is important to investigate the potential toxicity of innovative drug delivery systems as the materials’ properties are altered in the nano-range [ 47 ]. Lecithin is also viewed as safe, especially for topical use, as it is a common ingredient in cosmetics and often used in higher concentrations than in the current study [ 48 ]. So far, lipid-associated toxicity has never been detected in our previous studies [ 49 , 50 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lecithin and Chitosan as Building Blocks in Anti-Candida Clotrimazole Nanoparticles

Hemmingsen,

Panzacchi,

Kangu

et al. 2023

Pharmaceuticals

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The main focus when considering treatment of non-healing and infected wounds is tied to the microbial, particularly bacterial, burden within the wound bed. However, as fungal contributions in these microbial communities become more recognized, the focus needs to be broadened, and the remaining participants in the complex wound microbiome need to be addressed in the development of new treatment strategies. In this study, lecithin/chitosan nanoparticles loaded with clotrimazole were tailored to eradicate one of the most abundant fungi in the wound environment, namely C. albicans. Moreover, this investigation was extended to the building blocks and their organization within the delivery system. In the evaluation of the novel nanoparticles, their compatibility with keratinocytes was confirmed. Furthermore, these biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-toxic carriers comprising clotrimazole (~189 nm, 24 mV) were evaluated for their antifungal activity through both disk diffusion and microdilution methods. It was found that the activity of clotrimazole was fully preserved upon its incorporation into this smart delivery system. These results indicate both that the novel carriers for clotrimazole could serve as a therapeutic alternative in the treatment of fungi-infected wounds and that the building blocks and their organization affect the performance of nanoparticles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lecithin and Chitosan as Building Blocks in Anti-Candida Clotrimazole Nanoparticles

Hemmingsen,

Panzacchi,

Kangu

et al. 2023

Pharmaceuticals

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“…Lecithin is a complex mixture of phosphatide fraction available in both plants and animals, especially in the soybean and egg yolk ( 19 ). As a result of the esterification of choline, ethanolamine, serine, and inositol to a phosphatidic acid backbone, phospholipids are formed and classified into respective phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylinositol (PI) with other constituents of fatty acids, triglycerides, and carbohydrates ( 4 ). Despite that the term for lecithin specifically refers to phosphatidylcholines in some earlier literatures, it is often used interchangeably with phospholipids since the commercial lecithin is largely made up of phospholipids and vegetable oils ( 24 , 25 ).…”

Section: Lecithin Sources and Chemical Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a byproduct of the oilseed industry, lecithin is widely introduced into food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and other non-food industries as the emulsifier and liposomes producer, along with their great nutritional value ( 4 ). In the aquaculture industry, lecithin becomes one of the important raw materials to meet essential fatty acid requirements of the targeted species ( 5 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roles of soybean lecithin in aquafeed: a crucial need and update

Wee,

Téllez-Isaías,

Abdul Kari

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Soybean lecithin is extensively used as the dietary supplementation of phospholipids in animal production. Soybean lecithin plays significant roles in aquafeed as growth promoter, feed enhancer, immunity modulator and antioxidant activity stimulator for aquaculture species. Besides, soybean lecithin is also reported to help aquaculture species being resilient to physical and chemical stressors. In this review, common sources, chemical structure and mode of action of lecithin, with highlight on soybean lecithin application in aquaculture over four-decadal studies published between 1983 and 2023, were evaluated and summarized. By far, soybean lecithin is best-known for its beneficial effects, availability yet cost-effective for aquafeed formulation. Findings from this review also demonstrate that although nutritional profile of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and phosphatidylcholine from egg yolk and marine sources are superior to those from plant sources such as soybean, it is rather costly for sustainable application in aquafeed formulation. Moreover, commercially available products that incorporate soybean lecithin with other feed additives are promising to boost aquaculture production. Overall, effects of soybean lecithin supplementation are well-recognized on larval and juvenile of aquaculture species which having limited ability to biosynthesis phospholipids de novo, and correspondingly attribute to phospholipid, a primary component of soybean lecithin, that is essential for rapid growth during early stages development. In addition, soybean lecithin supplementation plays a distinguish role in stimulating maturation of gonadal development in the adults, especially for crustaceans.

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“…Фармакология и фармация гласуется с данными литературы [26], и поэтому не препятствовал фототоксичному эффекту фуранокумаринов. Несмотря на то, что борщевик Сосновского является опасным интрадуцентом во многих регионах мира, тем не менее, его физиологические особенности и химический состав делают его уникальным и доступным источником сырья для получения высокоактивных фотосенсибилизаторов, которые могут стать альтернативой фталоцианинам в борьбе против различных заболеваний, включая новообразования, требующих использования фотоактивных материалов [16].…”

Section: Fig 5 Morphology and Quantitative Evaluation Of Hlf Cells Wi...unclassified

Obtaining emulsions of furanocoumarins from Sosnowsky’s hogweed and <i>in vitro</i> assessment of their phototoxic effect

Shlyapkina,

Kulikov,

Brodovskaya

et al. 2023

Acta biomedica scientifica

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Background. Furanocoumarin-based drugs are used for photochemotherapy of various diseases. Sosnovsky’s hogweed can be an available source of furanocoumarins for the development of drugs.The aim of the study. To obtain stable emulsions containing furanocoumarins from Sosnowski’s hogweed and to evaluate their photocytotoxicity.Materials and methods. To obtain the emulsions, furanocoumarins were extracted with chloroform from the sap of the aerial part of the Sosnowski’s hogweed. The chloroform extract was clarified by silica gel gradient column chromatography. The extractive fraction containing furanocoumarins was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet (UV) detection. An extract with a high content of 8-methoxypsoralen was used to prepare two types of emulsions. The extract was dissolved in peach oil and emulsified in water with tween-80 (emulsion No. 1) and in an aqueous glycerin solution with lecithin (emulsion No. 2).The emulsions were tested for dark and photo-induced toxicity for human lung fibroblasts. The dose of UV radiation for the photoactivation of furanocoumarins was 9 J/cm2. A solution of chlorine e6 was used as a comparison photosensitizer.Results. The obtained emulsions contained 1 mg/ml 8-methoxypsoralen. Both emulsions were homogeneous at macro- and microscopic visualization, remained stable when stored under various temperature conditions for 14 days. Emulsion No. 2 did not show dark toxicity and caused a statistically significant inhibition of cell viability under UV irradiation at a concentration of 12.5–31.3 µg/mL. Emulsion No. 1 had a toxic effect on cells regardless of UV irradiation due to the content of tween-80. According to fluorescent microscopy, the phototoxic effect of emulsion No. 2 was manifested mainly due to apoptosis, in contrast to the effect of chlorine e6, in which there were more pronounced signs of cell necrosis.Conclusion. The developed experimental emulsions of furanocoumarins from Sosnovski’s hogweed are an example of promising medicinal photosensitizers of plant origin for phototherapy of various dermatological and oncological diseases.

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Safety Assessment of Lecithin and Other Phosphoglycerides as Used in Cosmetics

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Lecithin and Chitosan as Building Blocks in Anti-Candida Clotrimazole Nanoparticles

Lecithin and Chitosan as Building Blocks in Anti-Candida Clotrimazole Nanoparticles

The roles of soybean lecithin in aquafeed: a crucial need and update

Obtaining emulsions of furanocoumarins from Sosnowsky’s hogweed and <i>in vitro</i> assessment of their phototoxic effect

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