Safety and Immunogenicity of mRNA Vaccines Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Patients With Lung Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Multicenter Observational Study in Japan

Serological Response to SARS-CoV-2 after COVID-19 Vaccination in Lung Cancer patients: Short Review

“…Articles that focused only on LC patients showed that COVID-19 mRNA and viral vectorbased vaccines can safely generate humoral immune responses in these patients, albeit at somewhat diminished levels compared to those in the general population. Out of the nine articles that specifically examine vaccine immunogenicity in LC patients, six demonstrate significant differences in median titers following the primary vaccination series when compared to HC data [29][30][31][33][34][35]. The variety of emerging and still-evolving Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2, with the ability to overcome primary vaccination-induced immunity, present significant new threats to LC patients.…”

“…It has also been shown that additional booster doses of the COVID-19 vaccination can improve on the inferior immunological effectiveness of the primary doses in patients with lung cancer. Five studies reported seroconversion rates (defined as the proportion of vaccine recipients whose blood titers for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine antibodies were higher than the test-specific lower limit cutoff value) of LC or thoracic cancer patients, at 93.7% [29], 95.2% [4,30], 98% [30], 99.1% [28], and 96.7% [31,32]. Mack et al [32] reported that LC patient Ab titers had a significantly reduced area under the curve per day compared to control antibody titers.…”

Lung cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: safety and immunogenicity of MRNAcovid-19 vaccination

“…are widely prescribed as an agent or in other combined treatment modalities. 1 Due to immune-associated adverse events (iaAEs), these ICIs can facilitate antitumor effects, such as interstitial pneumonitis, endocrine-gland-disorders-associated abnormal hormone secretion 2 that can be caused and aggravated by mRNA-based-COVID-19 vaccines (Figure 1). 1,3 In conclusion, COVID-19 vaccination, particularly, mRNA-COVID-19 vaccination among ICIs-treated-lung-cancer patients should be assessed due to being classified as a vulnerable population.…”

“…The two-doses-of-mRNAvaccine-against-SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) dates are indicated by triangles, and the date of onset of an iaAE(irAE) is indicated by a dot for each of the 26 patients who developed an iaAE(irAE) before vaccination and the seven patients who developed an iaAE(irAE) after vaccination. 1 Lung cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: safety and immunogenicity of MRNAcovid-19 vaccination 16…”

Relationship Between Corona Virus Infection And Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

“…Several recent studies have suggested the relationship between ICIs and COVID-19 (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18).A melanoma patient treated with nivolumab, an ICI, and bempegaldesleukin, PEGylated interleukin-2 (IL-2), developed COVID-19 pneumonia with no serious adverse outcome [9], however, modification of the immune response to COVID-19 by treatment with ICIs and bempegaldesleukin has been suggested [9]. Treatment with ICIs, tocilizumab plus pembrolizumab showed decreased time to clinical improvement in COVID-19 patients [10,11].Patients with lung cancer treated with ICIs demonstrated no increased incidence of immune-related adverse events associated with mRNA vaccines, while the vaccine immunogenicity was lower [12]. Pulmonary toxicity secondary to treatment of ICIs was similar to that of infectious pneumonia of COVID-19 [13].…”