Safety and Efficacy of Nano/Micro Materials

Wei, Xiao-Hong; Lee, Yong-Kyu; Huh, Kang Moo; Kim, Sung-Won; Park, Kinam

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-78608-7_4

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 164 publications

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“…32 However, biocompatible natural ceramics remain a challenge to clinical adoption due to the regulations regarding biocompatibility testing specified by the FDA modified ISO-10993-1 standards. 33 Our study has demonstrated that ceramics annealed at 1,200 o C show a form similar to that of hydroxyapatite. Once annealed at 1,200 o C, a color of the sintered ceramics became white.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Development and characterization of fast-hardening composite cements composed of natural ceramics originated from horse bones and chitosan solution

Lim

Baik

Kim

et al. 2014

Tissue Eng Regen Med

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Calcium phosphate cements are highly promising for craniofacial and orthopedic repairs owing to rapidsetting and bone replacement capabilities. However, uses for tissue engineering are limited by poor strength. The objectives of this study were to develop fast-hardening composite cements composed of natural ceramics originated from horse bones and chitosan solution (CS), one of the bio-resources, and to pinpoint the effects of hardening time, mechanical strengths, cell adhesion, cell growth. The morphology and topography of newly formed bone were evaluated by computed topography (CT) and histological analysis. Natural ceramics derived from horse bones were performed to go through their analysis by a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy dispersive Xray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR). The Ca/P molar ratio of the ceramics was measured 1.62. Functional groups examined by FTIR detected phosphate (PO 4 3− ), hydroxyl (OH − ), and carbonate (CO 3 2− ). A hardening time of 3.5% (w/v) CS treatment was 23±0.60 min. Compressive strength as mixing nano-ceramics increased from 2.75±0.31 to 9.25±0.66 MPa, and Young's modulus as mixing nano-ceramics also raised from 18.64±2.29 to 41.54±9.63 MPa. Based upon the results of CT images and Heamotoxylin and Eosin (H&E) analysis, new bone tissues were well generated at the implanted site: a 50:50 ratio (%) of micro-and nano-ceramics. Self-hardening calcium phosphate composite cements fabricated using natural ceramics originated from horse bones and CS exhibited a great potential for fast-hardening time, mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and tissue regeneration. Applications of the natural ceramics fabricated from by-products of bio-resources moreover may be useful in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Development and characterization of fast-hardening composite cements composed of natural ceramics originated from horse bones and chitosan solution

Lim

Baik

Kim

et al. 2014

Tissue Eng Regen Med

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“…Bioceramics are extensively used for tissue engineering applications, uniquely so in bone tissues for the restoration and healing of defective bone. However, identifying suitable biocompatible bioceramics has remained challenging for clinical purposes and should fall in the FDA-modified ISO-10993–1 category . The present study identified the chemical and physical properties of heat-treated PBs (fresh and SBF soaked samples) and provided in vitro evaluations, as well as the histologic results of in vivo applications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Bone Regeneration Potential of Long-Term Soaked Natural Hydroxyapatite

Lim

Patel

Choung

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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Natural hydroxyapatite (HA) was derived from pig bones (PBs) for tissue engineering applications through heat treatment. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), energy-dispersive Xray spectroscopy (EDX), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) were employed for the analysis of heat-treated PB powder. In addition, inductively coupled plasma (ICP) mass spectroscopy was applied to examine the phase organizations and chemical composition of PB powder. The Ca/P ratio in bone powder was between 1.5 and 1.6. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo studies were performed to assess the biocompatibility of long-term soaked bone powder. These results can be used to (i) establish chemical characterization by analyzing SEM microstructures and undertaking XRD, XRF, EDX, FTIR, and ICP atomic emission spectrometry; (ii) perform cytotoxicity evaluations using human mesenchymal stem cells; and (iii) conduct assessments using an in vivo animal model and histological observations. No significant changes in chemical composition were observed in long-term soaked samples with respect to the original HA. Cells properly adhered to the surface of soaked samples, and rapid hilling of the defected skull was observed in the presence of the soaked sample, indicating its potential for use as a tissue engineering biomaterial. These results suggested that heat treatment at 1200 °C could produce natural bioceramics based on calcium phosphate, which retained their osteogenic potential after 36 months of soaking.

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“…Nano-sized HAps are widely used in the field of tissue engineering for the rapid regeneration of bone tissues. However, selecting a suitable material for these applications still poses a challenging task for the researcher [47]. The osteogenic potential of calcium phosphate (CaP)-based bioceramics was earlier reported, and this potential is profoundly affected by the bone-like apatite layer formation and the absorption of protein on the surface of the materials [48,49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Teeth-Derived Bioceramics for Improved Bone Regeneration

et al. 2020

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Hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) is one of the most promising candidates of the calcium phosphate family, suitable for bone tissue regeneration due to its structural similarities with human hard tissues. However, the requirements of high purity and the non-availability of adequate synthetic techniques limit the application of synthetic HAp in bone tissue engineering. Herein, we developed and evaluated the bone regeneration potential of human teeth-derived bioceramics in mice′s defective skulls. The developed bioceramics were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The developed bioceramics exhibited the characteristic peaks of HAp in FTIR and XRD patterns. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique was applied to determine the Ca/P molar ratio in the developed bioceramics, and it was 1.67. Cytotoxicity of the simulated body fluid (SBF)-soaked bioceramics was evaluated by WST-1 assay in the presence of human alveolar bone marrow stem cells (hABMSCs). No adverse effects were observed in the presence of the developed bioceramics, indicating their biocompatibility. The cells adequately adhered to the bioceramics-treated media. Enhanced bone regeneration occurred in the presence of the developed bioceramics in the defected skulls of mice, and this potential was profoundly affected by the size of the developed bioceramics. The bioceramics-treated mice groups exhibited greater vascularization compared to control. Therefore, the developed bioceramics have the potential to be used as biomaterials for bone regeneration application.

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Safety and Efficacy of Nano/Micro Materials

Cited by 6 publications

References 164 publications

Development and characterization of fast-hardening composite cements composed of natural ceramics originated from horse bones and chitosan solution

Development and characterization of fast-hardening composite cements composed of natural ceramics originated from horse bones and chitosan solution

Evaluation of Bone Regeneration Potential of Long-Term Soaked Natural Hydroxyapatite

Human Teeth-Derived Bioceramics for Improved Bone Regeneration

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