Safety and efficacy of inulin and oligofructose supplementation in infant formula: Results from a randomized clinical trial

Closa‐Monasterolo, Ricardo; Gispert-Llauradó, Mariona; Luque, Verónica; Ferré, Natàlia; Rubio-Torrents, Carmen; Zaragoza‐Jordana, Marta; Escribano, Joaquín

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2013.02.009

Cited by 87 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Several experimental studies have revealed that at these concentrations, prebiotics had a significant bifidogenic effect (Ben et al, 2008;Euler, Mitchell, Kline, & Pickering, 2005), modulated the intestinal flora and the immune system (Fanaro et al, 2005) and provided beneficial effects for formula-fed infants . Also, the amounts of prebiotics added to IF were generally well tolerated and they did not produce adverse side effects (crying, regurgitation or vomiting) (Boehm et al, 2002;Closa-Monasterolo et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Quantification of prebiotics in commercial infant formulas

Sabater¹,

Pródanov²,

Olano³

et al. 2016

Food Chemistry

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Since breastfeeding is not always possible, infant formulas (IFs) are supplemented with prebiotic oligosaccharides, such as galactooligosaccharides (GOS) and/or fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to exert similar effects to those of the breast milk. Nowadays, a great number of infant formulas enriched with prebiotics are disposal in the market, however there are scarce data about their composition. In this study, the combined use of two chromatographic methods (GC-FID and HPLC-RID) for the quantification of carbohydrates present in commercial infant formulas have been used. According to the results obtained by GC-FID for products containing prebiotics, the content of FOS, GOS and GOS/FOS was in the ranges of 1.6-5.0, 1.7-3.2, and 0.08-0.25/2.3-3.8g/100g of product, respectively. HPLC-RID analysis allowed quantification of maltodextrins with degree of polymerization (DP) up to 19. The methodology proposed here may be used for routine quality control of infant formula and other food ingredients containing prebiotics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Quantification of prebiotics in commercial infant formulas

Sabater¹,

Pródanov²,

Olano³

et al. 2016

Food Chemistry

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“…These changes were accompanied by a bifidogenic effect of prebiotic supplemented formula, as it was shown by bacterial counts in the stool samples (Closa-Monasterolo et al 2013). We hypothesised that inulin-type fructans may be beneficial for improvement of bowel function in functionally constipated children considering a target population of 2-5-years old children when this gastrointestinal disorder is more relevant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of inulin-type fructans improves stool consistency in constipated children. A randomised clinical trial: pilot study

Closa‐Monasterolo

Ferré

Castillejo-DeVillasante

et al. 2016

International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition

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Background: Constipation is a common disorder in children. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the beneficial effects of a daily supplementation with Orafti V R inulin-type fructans in 2-5 year old constipated children. Methods: Double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled parallel group trial where constipated children received two doses of 2 g Orafti V R inulin-type fructans (OF:IN) or placebo (maltodextrin) for 6 weeks. Primary outcome was stool consistency. Secondary outcomes were stool frequency and gastrointestinal symptoms. Results: Twenty-two children were included, 17 completed the study protocol (nine and eight for the control and the OF:IN group, respectively). Results showed that Orafti V R inulin-type fructans supplemented children had softer stools (p ¼ .003). The longitudinal analysis showed no significant changes in controls, whereas supplemented children increased their stool consistency from 2.2 to 2.6 on the modified Bristol scale for children (five items instead of seven) (p ¼ .040). Conclusions: Prebiotic inulin-type fructans supplementation improves stool consistency in constipated 2-5-year old children.

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“…Therefore, the Panel has taken the review by Braegger et al (2011) as a basis for the evaluation of data but has also considered the studies by Bruzzese et al (2009) and Moro et al (2005), both of which used GOS/FOS. The Panel is aware of a recent study which investigated the effect of the addition of a 50:50 mixture of FOS and long-chain inulin to an IF (Closa-Monasterolo et al, 2013). Three additional studies conducted in term infants were identified during the public consultation of the draft opinion.…”

Section: Non-digestible (Non-glycaemic) Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the essential composition of infant and follow-on formulae

Products¹

2014

EFSA Journal

272

124

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Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the essential composition of infant and follow-on formula. This opinion reviews the opinion provided by the Scientific Committee on Food in 2003 on the essential requirements of infant and follow-on formulae in light of more recent evidence and by considering the Panel's opinion of October 2013 on nutrient requirements and dietary intakes of infants and young children in the European Union. The minimum content of a nutrient in formula proposed in this opinion is derived from the intake levels the Panel had considered adequate for the majority of infants in the first six months of life in its previous opinion and an average amount of formula consumed during this period. From a nutritional point of view, the minimum contents of nutrients in infant and follow-on formula proposed by the Panel cover the nutritional needs of virtually all healthy infants born at term and there is no need to exceed these amounts in formulae, as nutrients which are not used or stored have to be excreted and this may put a burden on the infant's metabolism. Therefore, the Panel emphasises that maximum amounts should be interpreted not as target values but rather as upper limits of a range which should not be exceeded. There is scientific consensus that breast milk is the preferred food for all healthy infants and provides an adequate supply of all nutrients to support growth and development (with the exception of vitamin K during the first weeks of life and of vitamin D). Whereas the composition of infant formula remains stable over time, breast milk composition changes continuously and therefore infant formula cannot imitate breast milk. © EuropeanAll formulae intended for infants must be safe and suitable to meet the nutritional requirements and promote growth and development of infants born at term when used as a sole source of nutrition during the first months of life, and when used as the principal liquid element in a progressively diversified diet after the introduction of appropriate complementary feeding. Nutrients and substances should be added to formulae for infants only in amounts that serve a nutritional or other benefit. The addition in amounts higher than those serving a benefit or the inclusion of unnecessary substances in formulae may put a burden on the infant's metabolism and/or on other physiological functions, as substances which are not used or stored have to be excreted.The minimum content of a nutrient in formula proposed in this opinion is derived from the intake levels the Panel had considered adequate for the majority of infants in the first half of the first year of life in its previous opinion and an average amount of daily energy intake from formula during this period (500 kcal/day). These minimum amounts should be understood as target values which cover the nutritional needs of virtually all infants born at term for optimal growth and devel...

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Safety and efficacy of inulin and oligofructose supplementation in infant formula: Results from a randomized clinical trial

Cited by 87 publications

References 27 publications

Quantification of prebiotics in commercial infant formulas

Quantification of prebiotics in commercial infant formulas

The use of inulin-type fructans improves stool consistency in constipated children. A randomised clinical trial: pilot study

Scientific Opinion on the essential composition of infant and follow-on formulae

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