Safety and efficacy of a novel home‐use device for light‐potentiated (LED) skin treatment

Abstract

Skin structure and function results from a dynamic interplay between dermal and epidermal cell types. Optimizing skin health through an

Photobiomodulation Controls Keratinocytes Inflammatory Response through Nrf2 and Reduces Langerhans Cells Activation

“…HPEK plated at 2 × 10 5 cells per well in a 24-well transparent plate were illuminated, as described by Guermonprez et al [ 35 ]. Briefly, the light source was pulsed-wave light-emitting diodes (LEDs) placed in the upper lid of a custom-made device allowing homogeneous and simultaneous irradiation of 12 wells of the plate.…”

“…Full-thickness human skin specimens were obtained from abdominal plastic surgery of a 42 years-old healthy Caucasian woman with a skin phototype II-III. Human skin explants were prepared, as previously described [ 35 ]. Briefly, the subcutaneous fat was removed from the skin, and explants of around 12 ± 1 mm in diameter were cut out using a circular scalpel; each condition was tested in triplicate ( n = 3 explants per batch).…”

Photobiomodulation on extracellular matrix

“…These studies on PBM induced by violet, blue and green radiation on ECM were based on both in vivo and in vitro experimental models. Two in vivo studies were based on (Hwang et al 2016(Hwang et al , 2020, nucleus pulposus cells (Hwang et al 2018), keratinocyte and fibroblasts (Avola et al 2019), apical papilla stem cells (Yang et al 2020) and epidermal, keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts (Guermonprez et al 2020). Different effects of violet-blue radiation on ECM components and factors that influence such components have been reported.…”

“…However, these radiations could reduce the proliferation rate and promote osteogenic differentiation with upregulation of alkaline phosphate and dentin matrix protein-1 expression (Yang et al 2020). In addition, exposure to violet-blue light emitted from low-power lasers increased skin density and reduced wrinkles (Guermonprez et al 2020), as well as increasing the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) (Kushibiki et al 2010).…”

“…Eighteen were in vitro studies based on different cell lines from humans and animals (rats, mice, rabbits, pigs, and monkeys). In vitro studies based on human cell lines used osteosarcoma cells (Bloise et al 2013), skin fibroblasts (Houreld et al 2014), annulus fibrosus cells (de Souza et al 2011, Hwang et al 2020), diabetic wounded fibroblast cells (Houreld et al 2018), nucleus pulposus cells (Hwang et al 2018), dental pulp stem cells (Garrido et al 2019), and epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts (Schwartz-Filho et al 2011, Guermonprez et al 2020, Souza et al 2021. In vitro studies based on animal cell lines used Achilles tendon fibroblasts (Chen et al 2009, Tsai et al 2012, Tai et al 2014, osteogenic cells (Schwartz-Filho 2011), dental pulp cells (Holder et al 2012), anterior cruciate ligament cells (Seo et al 2014), embryonic fibroblasts (Giuliani et al 2015), and Vero cells (Oliveira et al 2018).…”