Safe management of expressed breast milk: A systematic review

Peters, Micah D J; McArthur, Alexa; Munn, Zachary

doi:10.1016/j.wombi.2016.05.007

Cited by 30 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(88 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…While ensuring microbiological safety of expressed milk remains a top priority, maintaining milk's bioactive and nutritional quality is an important weighing factor in developing milk handling and storage guidelines. The impact of storage and pasteurization on the immunological properties, digestive enzymes, antioxidant capacity, and macroand micronutrient composition in human milk has been recently reviewed [19,[25][26][27][28][29], with limited data on water-soluble forms of choline. In an older study, Zeisel et al [22] compared fresh milk to either samples incubated for 15 minutes at 37 °C or to samples frozen for 72 hours at −10 °C followed by incubation at 37 °C for 15 minutes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If confirmed, our finding of a 5% decrease should reassure clinicians that the benefits of providing pasteurized human milk continue to outweigh the risk of nutrient losses. Indeed, despite previous reports of a decrease in several nutrients, including folate, vitamin C and B6, due to pasteurization [18,25,26], the use of pasteurization techniques continues to ensure the biologically-safe provision of human milk at hospital settings around the globe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Variability of Water-Soluble Forms of Choline Concentrations in Human Milk during Storage, after Pasteurization, and among Women

Moukarzel¹,

Wiedeman

Soberanes

et al. 2019

Nutrients

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Choline is critical for infant development and mother's milk is the sole source of choline for fully breastfed infants until six months of age. Human milk choline consists to 85% of water-soluble forms of choline including free choline (FC), phosphocholine (PhosC), and glycerophosphocholine (GPC). Donor milk requires safe handling procedures such as cold storage and pasteurization. However, the stability of water-soluble forms of choline during these processes is not known. The objectives of this research were to determine the effect of storage and pasteurization on milk choline concentration, and the diurnal intra-and inter-individual variability of water-soluble choline forms. Milk samples were collected from healthy women who were fully breastfeeding a full-term, singleton infant <6 months. Milk total water-soluble forms of choline, PhosC, and GPC concentrations did not change during storage at room temperature for up to 4 h. Individual and total water-soluble forms of choline concentrations did not change after storage for 24 h in the refrigerator or for up to one week in the household freezer. Holder pasteurization decreased PhosC and GPC, and thereby total water-soluble choline form concentrations by <5%. We did not observe diurnal variations in PhosC and total water-soluble forms of choline concentrations, but significant differences in FC and GPC concentrations across five sampling time points throughout one day. In conclusion, these outcomes contribute new knowledge for the derivation of evidence-informed guidelines for the handling and storage of expressed human milk as well as the development of optimized milk collection and storage protocols for research studies.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of Water-Soluble Forms of Choline Concentrations in Human Milk during Storage, after Pasteurization, and among Women

Moukarzel¹,

Wiedeman

Soberanes

et al. 2019

Nutrients

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Storage temperature and duration are important factors to consider, as they can variably influence the integrity and composition of nutrients, bioactives and bacteria in pumped milk. 35 Research in the dairy industry and human milk has shown that suboptimal storage could lead to shifts in the milk microbiota composition or viability, and dominance of spoilage bacteria. 35 Current guidelines for human milk storage in the context of infant feeding recommend refrigeration for up to 4 days and storage at −18°C or colder for up to 6-12 months.…”

Section: Pumping Milk Microbiota and Associated Controversiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…35 Research in the dairy industry and human milk has shown that suboptimal storage could lead to shifts in the milk microbiota composition or viability, and dominance of spoilage bacteria. 35 Current guidelines for human milk storage in the context of infant feeding recommend refrigeration for up to 4 days and storage at −18°C or colder for up to 6-12 months. 36 In our study we did not observe any associations between milk microbiota composition and refrigeration time prior to processing; however, the duration was generally short and the range was small in our study (mean: 18 h, range: 10 min -27 h).…”

Section: Pumping Milk Microbiota and Associated Controversiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origins of human milk microbiota: new evidence and arising questions

Moossavi

Azad

2019

Gut Microbes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human milk contains a diverse community of bacteria. The growing appreciation of commensal microbes and increasing availability of high-throughput technology has set the stage for a theory-driven approach to the study of milk microbiota, and translation of this knowledge to improve maternal and child health. We recently profiled the milk microbiota of healthy Canadian mothers and applied theory-driven causal modeling, finding that mode of breast milk feeding (nursing directly at the breast vs. pumping and feeding breast milk from a bottle) was significantly associated with milk microbiota composition. This observation could reflect an increased exposure to pumps and/or a decreased exposure to the infant mouth. Either way, it provides evidence for the retrograde mechanism of milk inoculation. Here, we discuss the implications of this research and related controversies, and raise new questions about the origins and function of milk bacteria.

show abstract

“…Перед использованием грудное молоко должно быть (повторно) маркировано, в него должен быть внесен фортификатор для удовлетворения повышенной потребности недоношенного ребенка в белке и минералах, затем грудное молоко нужно разогреть, прежде чем им можно будет, наконец, кормить недоношенного ребенка [25]. Эти процедуры обработки грудного молока могут быть опасны для его качества и микробиологической безопасности [26].…”

unclassified

Organization of breastfeeding in neonatal intensive care units: discussion issues

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The priority of breastfeeding in the care of premature infants is not in doubt. For preterm babies, breastfeeding provides a dual effect, reducing the risk of both immediate and long-term effects associated with prematurity. In this regard, extraordinary efforts are being made at the international level to promote and support breast-feeding of newborns, including in intensive care units. Mother's own milk is the first choice for feeding a premature baby. In recent years, the problems of quality and safety of expressed breast milkboth pasteurized and fresh-for newborn patients of intensive care units are discussed. The authors point out that the treatment procedures and storage conditions of expressed breast milk differ significantly; there are no common criteria for its microbiological safety, which limits the use of this unique product, especially in premature infants. In addition to the risk of bacterial infection, the risk of infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) when using fresh milk from a CMV-seropositive mother is discussed for premature infants. The review examines the criteria for the risk of CMV infection in children and indications for selective treatment of breast milk for inactivation of a probable pathogen.

show abstract

Safe management of expressed breast milk: A systematic review

Cited by 30 publications

References 54 publications

Variability of Water-Soluble Forms of Choline Concentrations in Human Milk during Storage, after Pasteurization, and among Women

Variability of Water-Soluble Forms of Choline Concentrations in Human Milk during Storage, after Pasteurization, and among Women

Origins of human milk microbiota: new evidence and arising questions

Organization of breastfeeding in neonatal intensive care units: discussion issues

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About