Saccharomyces Meyen ex Reess

Vaughan-Martini, Ann; Martini, Alessandro

doi:10.1016/b978-044481312-1/50048-4

Cited by 133 publications

(105 citation statements)

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“…We also identi¢ed the homologue of the SOU1 gene from Candida albicans, which enables sorbitol utilization. S. kluyveri is the only Saccharomyces species which is D-glucitol positive [26]. Homologues of the SOU1 gene were also identi¢ed in K. marxianus [27] and K. thermotolerans [28], the closest species to S. kluyveri, which are also D-glucitol positive [29].…”

Section: Comparison With Other Genomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Exploration of the Hemiascomycetous Yeasts: 9. Saccharomyces kluyveri

et al. 2000

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The genome of Saccharomyces kluyveri was explored through 2528 random sequence tags with an average length of 981 bp. The complete nuclear ribosomal DNA unit was found to be 8656 bp in length. Sequences homologous to retroelements of the gypsy and copia types were identified as well as numerous solo long terminal repeats. We identified at least 1406 genes homologous to Saccharomyces cerevisiae open reading frames, with on average 58.1% and 72.4% amino acid identity and similarity, respectively. In addition, by comparison with completely sequenced genomes and the SwissProt database, we found 27 novel S. kluyveri genes. Most of these genes belong to pathways or have functions absent from S. cerevisiae, such as the catabolic pathway of purines or pyrimidines, melibiose fermentation, sorbitol utilization, or degradation of pollutants. The sequences are deposited in EMBL under the accession numbers AL404849^AL407376. ß

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Section: Comparison With Other Genomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Exploration of the Hemiascomycetous Yeasts: 9. Saccharomyces kluyveri

et al. 2000

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“…In parallel with the debate over the origin of the brewing yeast hybrid, the composition of the Saccharomyces sensu stricto complex of species is constantly being remodelled (Vaughan-Martini & Martini, 1987 ;Barnett et al, 1990 ;Naumov, 1996 ;Vaughan-Martini & Martini, 1998) as molecular methods increasingly challenge traditional classification (Kurtzman & Robnett, 1998). Three new yeast species were recently added to this group (Naumov et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lager brewing yeasts form a heterogeneous species (Vaughan-Martini & Martini, 1998), renamed Saccharomyces pastorianus (VaughanMartini & Martini, 1987). S. pastorianus CBS 1513 (Saccharomyces carlsbergensis) was isolated by Hansen in the Carlsberg breweries in the 19th century ; CBS 1513 and its close derivatives are the most studied lager brewing yeasts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the constitution of the beer yeast genome by PCR, sequencing and subtelomeric sequence hybridization.

Casarégola¹,

Nguyen²,

Lapathitis³

et al. 2001

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

102

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The lager brewing yeasts, Saccharomyces pastorianus (synonym Saccharomyces carlsbergensis), are allopolyploid, containing parts of two divergent genomes. Saccharomyces cerevisiae contributed to the formation of these hybrids, although the identity of the other species is still unclear. The presence of alleles specific to S. cerevisiae and S. pastorianus was tested for by PCR/RFLP in brewing yeasts of various origins and in members of the Saccharomyces sensu stricto complex. S. cerevisiae-type alleles of two genes, HIS4 and YCL008c, were identified in another brewing yeast, S. pastorianus CBS 1503 (Saccharomyces monacensis), thought to be the source of the other contributor to the lager hybrid. This is consistent with the hybridization of S. cerevisiae subtelomeric sequences X and Y' to the electrophoretic karyotype of this strain. S. pastorianus CBS 1503 (S. monacensis) is therefore probably not an ancestor of S. pastorianus, but a related hybrid. Saccharomyces bayanus, also thought to be one of the contributors to the lager yeast hybrid, is a heterogeneous taxon containing at least two subgroups, one close to the type strain, CBS 380 T , the other close to CBS 395 (Saccharomyces uvarum). The partial sequences of several genes (HIS4, MET10, URA3) were shown to be identical or very similar (over 99 %) in S. pastorianus CBS 1513 (S. carlsbergensis), S. bayanus CBS 380 T and its close derivatives, showing that S. pastorianus and S. bayanus have a common ancestor. A distinction between two subgroups within S. bayanus was made on the basis of sequence analysis : the subgroup represented by S. bayanus CBS 395 (S. uvarum) has 6-8 % sequence divergence within the genes HIS4, MET10 and MET2 from S. bayanus CBS 380 T , indicating that the two S. bayanus subgroups diverged recently. The detection of specific alleles by PCR/RFLP and hybridization with S. cerevisiae subtelomeric sequences X and Y' to electrophoretic karyotypes of brewing yeasts and related species confirmed our findings and revealed substantial heterogeneity in the genome constitution of Czech brewing yeasts used in production.

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“…The effect of the overexpression of IME1 on the spore frequency of bottom fermenting yeast S. pastorianus (a natural hybrid of S. cerevisiae and S. bayanus 9,[17][18][19] ) was analyzed by introducing the SC (S. cerevisiae) type or SB (S. bayanus) type of IME1 gene contained within plasmids pIB574 or pIB565, respectively. There was a greater increase in sporulation frequency upon introduction of the SB-IME1 gene over the SC-IME1 gene, using either of the two bottom fermenting yeast strains (Table I).…”

Section: The Effect Of Ime1 On the Sporulation Frequency Of Bottom Fementioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Meiotic Segregants from a Bottom Fermenting Yeast

Ogata

Shikata-Miyoshi

Tadami

et al. 2011

Journal of the Institute of Brewing

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Viable meiotic segregants were isolated from a bottom fermenting brewing yeast transformed by IME1 using a high copy number plasmid. These transformants sporulated under sporulation conditions and viable meiotic segregants were obtained from the spore asci. Flow cytometry showed that the meiotic segregants had a lower DNA content per cell than the parental strains, indicating meiosis had proceeded normally. Chromosomal observation by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and array comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) showed that meiotic segregants, like the parent strains, contained two types of chromosome: the S. cerevisiae type and the S. bayanus type. In certain meiotic segregants, some chromosomes were missing, and the chromosome copy number changed. Isolation of meiotic segregants resulted in a ploidy reduction, which can be applied in the breeding of yeast strains.

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Saccharomyces Meyen ex Reess

Cited by 133 publications

References 0 publications

Genomic Exploration of the Hemiascomycetous Yeasts: 9. Saccharomyces kluyveri

Genomic Exploration of the Hemiascomycetous Yeasts: 9. Saccharomyces kluyveri

Analysis of the constitution of the beer yeast genome by PCR, sequencing and subtelomeric sequence hybridization.

Isolation of Meiotic Segregants from a Bottom Fermenting Yeast

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