Sacbrood viruses cross-infection between Apis cerana and Apis mellifera: Rapid detection, viral dynamics, evolution and spillover risk assessment

Chang, Ju-Chun; Chang, Zih-Ting; Ko, Chung-Yu; Yang, Chun‐Pai; Chen, Yuewen; Nai, Yu‐Shin

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2021.107687

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…A long time ago, A. mellifera was introduced into China, and as a result, it has been tolerant to the climate of China and has become the dominant species in Chinese beekeeping [ 70 , 71 ]. Recently, many studies on the influence of alien honey bee species ( A. mellifera ) on local species ( A. cerana ) in food competition, disease transmission, and reproduction interference have been performed in China [ 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 ]. Meanwhile, the population size of A. cerana in China has decreased in recent years [ 46 , 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey Results of Honey Bee Colony Losses in Winter in China (2009–2021)

Tang

Shi

et al. 2023

Insects

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There is growing concern that massive loss of honey bees can cause serious negative effects on biodiversity and ecosystems. Surveys of colony losses have been performed worldwide to monitor the dynamic changes and health status of honey bee colonies. Here, we present the results of surveys regarding winter colony losses from 21 provinces in China from 2009 to 2021, with a total of 1,744,324 colonies managed by 13,704 beekeepers. The total colony losses were low (9.84%; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 9.60–10.08%) but varied among years, provinces, and scales of apiaries. As little is known about the overwintering mortality of Apis cerana, in this study, we surveyed and compared the loss rates between Apis mellifera and A. cerana in China. We found colonies of A. mellifera suffered significantly lower losses than A. cerana in China. Larger apiaries resulted in higher losses in A. mellifera, whereas the opposite was observed in A. cerana. Furthermore, we used generalized linear mixed-effects models (GLMMs) to evaluate the effects of potential risk factors on winter colony losses and found that the operation size, species, migration, migration×species interaction, and queen problems were significantly related to the loss rates. New queens can increase their colony overwintering survival. Migratory beekeepers and large operations reported lower loss rates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey Results of Honey Bee Colony Losses in Winter in China (2009–2021)

Tang

Shi

et al. 2023

Insects

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“…Although this situation does not appear to be a critical threat to Apis mellifera colonies [35], the potential danger of this virus should not be overlooked. While most SBV strains represent a major threat for Apis cerana colonies [36,37], the pathogenicity of SBV can vary in Apis mellifera depending on SBV strains [38], suggesting that a small genomic variation can result in differential pathogenicity. Given the high mutation rate of RNA viruses [39], SBV should therefore be carefully monitored as it has the potential of becoming a serious threat to Apis mellifera as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-infection with two iflaviruses (deformed wing virus and sacbrood virus) affects viral and immune dynamics and synergistically increases honey bee mortality

Durand,

Dubois,

Bonjour-Dalmon

2024

Preprint

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The honey bee microbiome includes a wide variety of viruses. While most of them usually remain commensal, some can become pathogenic in specific contexts. Of these, one is that of deformed wing virus (DWV) and another, sacbrood virus (SBV). Although co-infection is the norm rather than the exception, most of the time these viruses have been studied independently. When investigated as co-infections, past studies have focused on their effects on the honey bee brood. In this study, we co-inoculated adult honey bees at emergence with DWV by injection and SBV orally (acting as the viral transmission by Varroa destructor and by trophallaxis or food, respectively), either simultaneously or sequentially. Using optical counters, we were able to track the survival and behaviour of these honey bees within colonies. Through regular in-hive sampling, we monitored the evolution of their viral loads as well as the expression of eight immune genes involved in honey bee anti-viral immunity. Here, we show that co-inoculations of DWV and SBV synergistically increase the virulence of DWV and conditionally promote the replication of both viruses. Finally, our results show that immune responses in adult honey bees depend on DWV genotypes and whether replication originates from a superinfecting virus or a virus already present in bees.

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Can egg yolk antibodies terminate the CSBV infection in apiculture?

Wang

Huang

et al. 2023

Virus Research

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Sacbrood viruses cross-infection between Apis cerana and Apis mellifera: Rapid detection, viral dynamics, evolution and spillover risk assessment

Cited by 4 publications

References 45 publications

Survey Results of Honey Bee Colony Losses in Winter in China (2009–2021)

Survey Results of Honey Bee Colony Losses in Winter in China (2009–2021)

Co-infection with two iflaviruses (deformed wing virus and sacbrood virus) affects viral and immune dynamics and synergistically increases honey bee mortality

Can egg yolk antibodies terminate the CSBV infection in apiculture?

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