Saami reindeer pastoralism under climate change: Applying a generalized framework for vulnerability studies to a sub-arctic social–ecological system

Tyler, N. J. C.; Turi, Johan Mathis; Sundset, Monica A.; Bull, Kirsti Strøm; Sara, Mikkel Nils; Reinert, Erik S.; Oskal, Nils; Nellemann, Christian; McCarthy, James J.; Mathiesen, Svein D.; Martello, Marybeth Long; Magga, Ole Henrik; Hovelsrud, Grete K.; Hanssen-Bauer, Inger; Eira, N.I.; Eira, Inger Marie Gaup; Corell, Robert W.

doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.06.001

Cited by 205 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Knowledge co-production has been used productively in relation to questions about which neither knowledge system by itself has sufficient information to deal with the issue. Climate change is one such problem, and the complementarity of Indigenous knowledge and Western science produces a better understanding of the issue than either would alone (Tyler et al 2007;Nakashima et al 2012).…”

Section: Sustaining Indigenous Community In the Context Of Climate Chmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weaving Indigenous and sustainability sciences to diversify our methods

Johnson

Howitt

Cajete³

et al. 2015

Sustain Sci

255

220

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Section: Sustaining Indigenous Community In the Context Of Climate Chmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They include a suite of techniques that can be adapted to different kinds of knowledge and different cultural backgrounds. Some sustainability science work, for example with the Saami, has used participatory workshops (Tyler et al 2007).…”

Section: Bridging Sustainability and Indigenous Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weaving Indigenous and sustainability sciences to diversify our methods

Johnson

Howitt

Cajete³

et al. 2015

Sustain Sci

255

220

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The UN Environment Programme and European Union have concluded that nearly one-third of the current traditional Sámi reindeer husbandry ranges in Northern Europe are severely affected by or partly inaccessible for reindeer herding due to the presence of infrastructure, industrial development or other human activity (UNEP 2001;. The loss of grazing land is accelerating due to the destruction of foraging areas, obstruction of migration routes and disturbance of reindeer (Tyler et al 2007). This represents a major challenge for the reindeer herders and society in general.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do human activity and infrastructure disturb domesticated reindeer? The need for the reindeer’s perspective

Skarin

Åhman

2014

Polar Biol

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In recent decades, human-Rangifer (reindeer and caribou) interactions have increasingly been studied from a scientific perspective. Many of the studies have examined Norwegian wild reindeer or caribou in North America. It is often questioned whether results from these studies can be applied to reindeer in managed herds, as these animals have been exposed to domestication and are also more used to humans. In order to examine the domesticated reindeer's reactions to various disturbance sources, we reviewed 18 studies of the effects of human activity and infrastructure on 12 populations of domesticated reindeer and compared these to studies on wild reindeer and caribou; based on this, we discuss the effects of domestication and tameness on reindeer responses to anthropogenic disturbance. We also consider the relevance of spatial and temporal scales and data collection methods when evaluating the results of these studies. The reviewed studies showed that domesticated reindeer exhibit avoidance behaviours up to 12 km away from infrastructure and sites of human activity and that the area they avoid may shift between seasons and years. Despite a long domestication process, reindeer within Sami reindeer-herding systems exhibit similar patterns of large-scale avoidance of anthropogenic disturbance as wild Rangifer, although the strength of their response may sometimes differ. This is not surprising since current Sami reindeer husbandry represents an extensive form of pastoralism, and the reindeer are not particularly tame. To obtain a true picture of how reindeer use their ranges, it is of fundamental importance to study the response pattern at a spatial and temporal scale that is relevant to the reindeer, whether domesticated or wild.

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“…Warming climate is predicted to cause more variable and unpredictable weather conditions especially in wintertime with changes in the amount and phase of precipitation, snow depth and structure, and snow cover duration (Stocker et al 2013). This can significantly hamper reindeer winter grazing and practical herding, and increase costs for reindeer husbandry (Tyler et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local and regional variability in snow conditions in northern Finland: A reindeer herding perspective

Rasmus

Kivinen

Bavay³

et al. 2016

Ambio

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Weather station measurements were used to force the SNOWPACK snow model and combined with reindeer herders' experiences to study the local and regional variations in snow conditions in a Finnish reindeer herding area for the 1981-2010 period. Winter conditions varied significantly between the four selected herding districts and between open and forest environments within the districts. The highest snow depths and densities, the thicknesses of ground ice, and the lengths of snow cover period were generally found in the northernmost districts. The snow depths showed the strongest regional coherence, whereas the thicknesses of ground ice were weakly correlated among the districts. The local variation in snow depths was higher than the regional variation and limits for rare or exceptional events varied notably between different districts and environments. The results highlight that forests diversify snow and foraging conditions, e.g., ground ice rarely forms simultaneously in different environments. Sufficient and diverse forest pastures are important during the critical winter season if reindeer herding is pursued on natural grazing grounds also in the future.

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Saami reindeer pastoralism under climate change: Applying a generalized framework for vulnerability studies to a sub-arctic social–ecological system

Cited by 205 publications

References 51 publications

Weaving Indigenous and sustainability sciences to diversify our methods

Weaving Indigenous and sustainability sciences to diversify our methods

Do human activity and infrastructure disturb domesticated reindeer? The need for the reindeer’s perspective

Local and regional variability in snow conditions in northern Finland: A reindeer herding perspective

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