S4‐01‐01: Pathology of cognitively healthy centenarians

Holstege, Henne; Hoozemans, Jeroen; Woerden, Neline van; Wemmenhove, Elizabeth; Pieterse, Karlijn; Schouten, Kimja; Meijers-Heijboer, Hanne; Scheltens, Philip; Rozemuller, Annemieke M.

doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2015.07.321

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our observations underline the heterogeneity of neuropathology and the possibility of living beyond 100 years without clinical manifestation of cognitive decline or dementia under certain degrees of neuropathological changes [5]. In line with our findings, an analysis in postmortem brains from 40 centenarians from the 100-Plus Study whose premortem MMSE score were 23.7 ± 4.6 (MMSE score: 24-30 = normal cognition; 19-23 = mild; 10-18 = moderate; or ≤9 = severe cognitive impairment) also demonstrated a wide range of AD-type pathology, but none had Braak staging V-VI [24,43]. Two out of six non-demented centenarians from the NECS also had significant AD neuropathological changes, but Braak staging was also limited to ≤IV [25].…”

Section: Ad-type Pathology In Non-demented and Demented Centenarianssupporting

confidence: 85%

Clinico-Neuropathological Findings in the Oldest Old from the Georgia Centenarian Study

Tanprasertsuk

Johnson

et al. 2019

JAD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Centenarian studies are important sources for understanding of factors that contribute to longevity and healthy aging. Clinico-neuropathological finding is a key in identifying pathology and factors contributing to age-related cognitive decline and dementia in the oldest old. Objective: To characterize the cross-sectional relationship between neuropathologies and measures of premortem cognitive performance in centenarians. Methods: Data were acquired from 49 centenarians (≥98 years) from the Georgia Centenarian Study. Cognitive assessment from the time point closest to mortality was used (<1 year for all subjects) and scores for cognitive domains were established. Neuropathologies [cerebral atrophy, ventricular dilation, atherosclerosis, cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), Lewy bodies, hippocampal sclerosis (HS), hippocampal TDP-43 proteinopathy, neuritic plaque (NP) and neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) counts, Braak staging, and National Institute on Aging-Reagan Institute (NIARI) criteria for the neuropathological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD)] were compared among subjects with different ratings of dementia. Linear regression was applied to evaluate the association between cognitive domain scores and neuropathologies. Results: Wide ranges of AD-type neuropathological changes were observed in both non-demented and demented subjects. Neocortical NFT and Braak staging were related to clinical dementia rating. Neocortical NFT and NP, Braak and NIARI staging, cerebral and ventricular atrophy, HS, CAA, and TDP-43 proteinopathy were differentially associated with poor performance in multiple cognitive domains and activities of daily living. Conclusion: AD-type pathology was associated with severe dementia and poor cognition but was not the only variable that explained cognitive impairment, indicating the complexity and heterogeneity of pathophysiology of dementia in the oldest old.

show abstract

Section: Ad-type Pathology In Non-demented and Demented Centenarianssupporting

confidence: 85%

Clinico-Neuropathological Findings in the Oldest Old from the Georgia Centenarian Study

Tanprasertsuk

Johnson

et al. 2019

JAD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Aging without Dementia is Achievable: Current Evidence from Epidemiological Research

Qiu

Fratiglioni

2018

JAD

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Both the incidence and the prevalence of dementia increase exponentially with increasing age. This raises the question of whether dementia is an inevitable consequence of aging or whether aging without dementia is achievable. In this review article, we sought to summarize the current evidence from epidemiological and neuropathological studies that investigated this topic. Epidemiological studies have shown that dementia could be avoided even at extreme old ages (e.g., centenarians or supercentenarians). Furthermore, clinico-neuropathological studies found that nearly half of centenarians with dementia did not have sufficient brain pathology to explain their cognitive symptoms, while intermediate-to-high Alzheimer pathology was present in around one-third of very old people without dementia or cognitive impairment. This suggests that certain compensatory mechanisms (e.g., cognitive reserve or resilience) may play a role in helping people in extreme old ages escape dementia syndrome. Finally, evidence has been accumulating in recent years indicating that the incidence of dementia has declined in Europe and North America, which supports the view that the risk of dementia in late life is modifiable. Evidence has emerged that intervention strategies that promote general health, maintain vascular health, and increase cognitive reserve are likely to help preserve cognitive function till late life, thus achieving the goal of aging without dementia.

show abstract

S4‐01‐01: Pathology of cognitively healthy centenarians

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Clinico-Neuropathological Findings in the Oldest Old from the Georgia Centenarian Study

Clinico-Neuropathological Findings in the Oldest Old from the Georgia Centenarian Study

Aging without Dementia is Achievable: Current Evidence from Epidemiological Research

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About