S100α and S100β proteins in human cutaneous sensory corpuscles: Effects of nerve and spinal cord injury

This study investigates the differential localization of the alpha-subunit (S100-alpha) and the beta-subunit (S100-beta) of the S-100 protein in the feline testis, using immunohistochemistry with polyclonal antibodies to bovine S-100 protein (S-100) and monoclonal antibodies to bovine S100-alpha and S100-beta. Appreciable differences were observed in the cellular localization of the immunoreactivity of each subunit. S-100 was observed in the Sertoli cells, the epithelial cells of the transitional segment of the seminiferous tubules, Leydig cells and the peritubular cells of the seminiferous tubules, but was not observed in the epithelial cells of straight tubules and the rete testis or in the endothelial cells of blood and lymph vessels. S100-alpha immunoreactivity was localized in Sertoli cells, peritubular cells and the epithelial cells of the terminal segment of the tubules, whereas S100-beta immunoreactivity was localized in Leydig cells. The differential localization of the alpha- and beta-subunits of the S-100 protein in the feline testis suggests that this protein is multifunctional and be useful as an investigative tool in studying feline testis function.

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“…Structurally, S‐100 is a dimer with a subunit composition of αα, αβ or ββ ( 8> Haimoto et al . 1987 ; Albuerne et al . 1998 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Localization of Immunoreactive α‐ and β‐subunits of S‐100 Protein in Feline Testis

Cruzana

Hondo

Kitamura

et al. 2000

Anat Histol Embryol

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“…In addition to the brain, S100B is also present in fat tissues, skin, etc . [21]–[23] but results appear to be strongly dependent on the method of detection used [24]. Whether presence of S100B in peripheral organs is due to active transcription or uptake from circulating protein remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Peripheral Immunity Regulated by Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability Changes?

et al. 2014

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S100B is a reporter of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity which appears in blood when the BBB is breached. Circulating S100B derives from either extracranial sources or release into circulation by normal fluctuations in BBB integrity or pathologic BBB disruption (BBBD). Elevated S100B matches the clinical presence of indices of BBBD (gadolinium enhancement or albumin coefficient). After repeated sub-concussive episodes, serum S100B triggers an antigen-driven production of anti-S100B autoantibodies. We tested the hypothesis that the presence of S100B in extracranial tissue is due to peripheral cellular uptake of serum S100B by antigen presenting cells, which may induce the production of auto antibodies against S100B. To test this hypothesis, we used animal models of seizures, enrolled patients undergoing repeated BBBD, and collected serum samples from epileptic patients. We employed a broad array of techniques, including immunohistochemistry, RNA analysis, tracer injection and serum analysis. mRNA for S100B was segregated to barrier organs (testis, kidney and brain) but S100B protein was detected in immunocompetent cells in spleen, thymus and lymph nodes, in resident immune cells (Langerhans, satellite cells in heart muscle, etc.) and BBB endothelium. Uptake of labeled S100B by rat spleen CD4+ or CD8+ and CD86+ dendritic cells was exacerbated by pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus which is accompanied by BBBD. Clinical seizures were preceded by a surge of serum S100B. In patients undergoing repeated therapeutic BBBD, an autoimmune response against S100B was measured. In addition to its role in the central nervous system and its diagnostic value as a BBBD reporter, S100B may integrate blood-brain barrier disruption to the control of systemic immunity by a mechanism involving the activation of immune cells. We propose a scenario where extravasated S100B may trigger a pathologic autoimmune reaction linking systemic and CNS immune responses.

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“…Interestingly, the dependence of the corpuscular glial cells from the axons continues during adult life at least for the expression of some antigens. After denervation, glial cells of Meissner-like corpuscles lack some specific markers [44,45] and strongly decrease the expression of TrkA [46], and the glial cells forming the inner core of Pacinian corpuscles undergo apoptotic death that can be prevented by administration of glial growth factor 2 [47].…”

Section: Development Of the Sensory Corpuscles Glial Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Glial Cell of Human Cutaneous Sensory Corpuscles: Origin, Characterization, and Putative Roles

Cobo¹,

García‐Mesa²,

García‐Piqueras³

et al. 2020

Somatosensory and Motor Research

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Sensory corpuscles of human skin are structures located at the peripheral end of the mechanoreceptive neurons and function as low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs). In its structure, in addition to the axon, there are glial cells, not myelinating, that are organized in different ways according to the morphotype of sensitive corpuscle, forming the so-called laminar cells of Meissner's corpuscles, the laminar cells of the inner core of Pacinian corpuscles, or cells of the inner core in Ruffini's corpuscles. Classically the glial cells of sensory corpuscles have been considered support cells and passive in the process of mechanotransduction. However, the presence of ion channels and synapses-like systems between them and the axon suggests that corpuscular glial cells are actively involved in the transformation of mechanical into electrical impulses. This chapter is an update on the origin, development, cytoarchitecture, and protein profile of glial cells of sensitive corpuscles especially those of human glabrous skin.

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S100α and S100β proteins in human cutaneous sensory corpuscles: Effects of nerve and spinal cord injury

Cited by 22 publications

References 30 publications

Differential Localization of Immunoreactive α‐ and β‐subunits of S‐100 Protein in Feline Testis

Differential Localization of Immunoreactive α‐ and β‐subunits of S‐100 Protein in Feline Testis

Is Peripheral Immunity Regulated by Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability Changes?

The Glial Cell of Human Cutaneous Sensory Corpuscles: Origin, Characterization, and Putative Roles

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