S100A1 as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of patients with acute aortic dissection

Abstract

Objective Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a common life-threatening cardiovascular disease. This retrospective study was conducted to analyze the plasma concentration of S100A1 and its diagnostic value for AAD through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and logistic regression analyses. Methods Seventy-eight patients with AAD and 77 healthy controls were included, and the relevant clinical data for each group were collected. According to the Stanford classification, the AAD patients were divided into types A and B. The plasma levels of S100A1, D-dimer, hypersensitive C-reactive protein, and cardiac troponin T were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results The S100A1 concentrations in the healthy control, Stanford A, and Stanford B groups were 0.7 ± 0.6, 4.9 ± 2.6, and 3.5 ± 2.2 ng/mL, respectively. The concentration of S100A1 was increased in patients with AAD complicated with aortic regurgitation, pericardial effusion, or in-hospital death. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve was 0.89. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the S100A1 level was an important risk factor for the development of AAD. Conclusion Plasma S100A1 is significantly elevated in patients with AAD, and its concentration has potential clinical value for diagnosing AAD.

S100 proteins in cardiovascular diseases

“…Some markers with high sensitivity and specificity are needed. The plasma concentration of S100A1 in patients with acute aortic dissection is significantly increased, pointing to potential clinical value in diagnosing acute aortic dissection (Han et al 2021 ). However, S100A1 has been shown to be an early diagnostic marker for acute myocardial infarction (Kiewitz et al 2000 ; Völkers et al 2010 ; Li et al 2021 ).…”

“…Acute myocardial ischemia (Kiewitz et al 2000;Fan et al 2019) Heart failure (Pleger et al 2007(Pleger et al , 2008(Pleger et al , 2011Desjardins et al 2009;Belmonte et al 2011;Soltani et al 2021;Brinks et al 2011;Ehlermann et al 2000) Pulmonary hypertension (Teichert-Kuliszewska et al 2015) Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (Jungi et al 2018) Acute coronary syndrome (Fan et al 2019;Li et al 2018) Acute aortic dissection (Han et al 2021)…”

Biomarkers in aortic dissection: Diagnostic and prognostic value from clinical research

“…When the plasma concentration of S100A1 was 1.10 ng/mL, the sensitivity for the diagnosis of AD was 84.4%, and the specificity was 85.5% [Table 1]. [71] Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA)…”