S100 proteins as cancer biomarkers with focus on S100B in malignant melanoma

Harpio, Riikka; Einarsson, R.

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2004.05.012

Cited by 188 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…18 Furthermore, since S100B is shed by melanoma cells, 19 its detection in the peripheral blood of patients has been investigated as a tumor marker. [13][14][15] The prognostic potential of S100B serum levels is supported by many reports in the literature. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Nevertheless, some investigators found no association between S100B detection and patients' survival 26,29 ; moreover, others reported that S100B has a prognostic value at univariate but not multivariate survival analysis, 38 which would rule out the value of this biomarker as a prognostic factor independent of the already established prognostic power of the TNM staging system.…”

supporting

confidence: 52%

“…[13][14][15] S100B (UniProt entry number: P04271), a member of the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins, is a cytoplasmic protein expressed at low levels in several tissue/cell types, while high levels are expressed in the nervous system, melanocytes, dendritic cells and some tumors (e.g., melanoma and schwannoma). The S100B physiological functions are still largely unknown.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The prognostic value of serum S100B in patients with cutaneous melanoma: A meta‐analysis

Mocellin

Zavagno

Nitti

2008

Intl Journal of Cancer

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S100B protein detected in the serum of patients with cutaneous melanoma has been long reported as a prognostic biomarker. However, no consensus exists on its implementation in the routine clinical setting. This study aimed to comprehensively and quantitatively summarize the evidence on the suitability of serum S100B to predict patients' survival. Twenty-two series enrolling 3393 patients with TNM stage I to IV cutaneous melanoma were reviewed. Standard meta-analysis methods were applied to evaluate the overall relationship between S100B serum levels and patients' survival (meta-risk). Serum S100B positivity was associated with significantly poorer survival (hazard ratio [HR] 5 2.23, 95% CI: 1.92-2.58, p < 0.0001). Between-study heterogeneity was significant, which appeared to be related mainly to dissemination bias and the inclusion of patients with stage IV disease. Considering stage I to III melanoma (n 5 1594), the meta-risk remained highly significant (HR 5 2.28, 95% CI: 1.8-2.89; p < 0.0001) and studies' estimates were homogeneous. Subgroup analysis of series reporting multivariate survival analysis supported S100B as a prognostic factor independent of the TNM staging system. Our findings suggest that serum S100B detection has a clinically valuable independent prognostic value in patients with melanoma, with particular regard to stage I-III disease. Further investigation focusing on this subset of patients is justified and warranted before S100B can be implemented in the routine clinical management of melanoma.

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confidence: 52%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The prognostic value of serum S100B in patients with cutaneous melanoma: A meta‐analysis

Mocellin

Zavagno

Nitti

2008

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…S100 proteins have received increasing attention due to their close association with several human diseases including cardiomyopathy (Most et al, 2001(Most et al, , 2003Du et al, 2002), neurodegenerative disorders (Heizmann, 1999;Hoyaux et al, 2000), neuroprotection (Ahlemeyer et al, 2000;Pedersen et al, 2004), and cancer (Lee et al, 2004;Lin et al, 2004). These proteins have also been shown to be valuable markers in the diagnosis and management of these diseases and are considered to have a potential as drug targets to improve therapies (Kiewitz et al, 2000;Diederichs et al, 2004;Harpio and Einarsson, 2004;Rehman et al, 2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

S100A4 (Mts1) gene overexpression is associated with invasion and metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma

et al. 2005

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Tumour cell invasion and metastasis are the hallmark of malignant neoplasm. S100A4 is a member of small calcium-binding protein family and is involved in the cell proliferation and cancer progression. S100A4 is capable of inducing metastasis in animal models and is associated with aggressive phenotype of human tumours. We previously identified S100A4 as a candidate gene involved in anaplastic thyroid cancer metastasis by microarray analysis. To further determine whether S100A4 overexpression is associated with thyroid tumour invasion and metastasis, in the present study, we examined S100A4 gene expression in six benign multinodular goitres (MNG) and 28 matched samples of adjacent normal thyroid tissue (N), primary (T) and metastatic (M) papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) by immunohistochemistry and real-time reverse transcription -polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. This gave us the advantage of directly comparing levels of S100A4 expression within the same genetic background. Using immunohistochemistry, we found that high levels of S100A4 were detected in 24 of 28 (86%) PTC specimens and their local regional lymph node or distant metastases. No S100A4 staining was observed in normal thyroid tissues and simple MNG. However, in MNG coexistent with PTC, moderate focal staining could be found in 11 of 15 MNG adjacent to PTC. The S100A4 was stained more intensely in invading fronts than in central portions of both T and M. Real-time RT -PCR analysis of primary tumours and their matched lymph node metastasis demonstrated that significantly higher S100A4 transcripts were present in metastatic tumours as compared to the primary tumours (Po0.01). These data suggest that overexpression of S100A4 is associated with thyroid tumour invasion and metastasis and it may be a potential target for therapeutic intervention.

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“…Among the 25 S100 protein identified, S100b is unique in its location on chromosome 21q22.3 and first one of the group found to ligate to RAGE (Hofmann et al, 1999). S100b is highly expressed in melanoma and considered as possible biomarker for the prognosis of the disease (Harpio & Einarsson, 2004;Salama et al, 2008). We studied the binding affinity of S100b to RAGE.…”

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confidence: 99%

Low-Anticoagulant Heparins in the Treatment of Metastasis

Rao¹,

Prestwich²,

Hoidal³

et al. 2011

Research on Melanoma - A Glimpse Into Current Directions and Future Trends

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S100 proteins as cancer biomarkers with focus on S100B in malignant melanoma

Cited by 188 publications

References 63 publications

The prognostic value of serum S100B in patients with cutaneous melanoma: A meta‐analysis

The prognostic value of serum S100B in patients with cutaneous melanoma: A meta‐analysis

S100A4 (Mts1) gene overexpression is associated with invasion and metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma

Low-Anticoagulant Heparins in the Treatment of Metastasis

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