“…PI 3-kinase, Akt, MAPK family members, Src family members, and PKA/PKC) (Hall et al, 2001;Ho and Liao, 2002;Kelly and Levin, 2001;Levin, 2001;Levin, 2002;Razandi et al, 2003). In many reports, the estrogen-responsive receptor is proposed to be ER itself (either α or β), or a modified form of the protein (Acconcia et al, 2004;Li et al, 2003). Complexes between the classical ERs and G proteins (Navarro et al, 2003) as well as with PI3 kinase (Simoncini et al, 2003) have been described.…”