S-nitrosylation of phosphotransfer proteins represses cytokinin signaling

Feng, Jian; Wang, Chun; Chen, Qingguo; Chen, Hui; Ren, Bo; Li, Xiaoming; Zuo, Jianru

doi:10.1038/ncomms2541

Cited by 158 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…The purified 6 Â His-tagged recombinant proteins were used to immunize mice and rabbits, respectively. Immunoblotting was performed as described previously 54 . Total cellular proteins were prepared by grinding plant materials in liquid nitrogen and then extracted in grinding buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, 150 mM NaCl, 1% Nonidet P-40, 0.5% sodium deoxycholate, 0.1% SDS and 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peptidyl-prolyl isomerization targets rice Aux/IAAs for proteasomal degradation during auxin signalling

et al. 2015

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In plants, auxin signalling is initiated by the auxin-promoted interaction between the auxin receptor TIR1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, and the Aux/IAA transcriptional repressors, which are subsequently degraded by the proteasome. Gain-of-function mutations in the highly conserved domain II of Aux/IAAs abolish the TIR1-Aux/IAA interaction and thus cause an auxin-resistant phenotype. Here we show that peptidyl-prolyl isomerization of rice OsIAA11 catalysed by LATERAL ROOTLESS2 (LRT2), a cyclophilin-type peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase, directly regulates the stability of OsIAA11. NMR spectroscopy reveals that LRT2 efficiently catalyses the cis/trans isomerization of OsIAA11. The lrt2 mutation reduces OsTIR1-OsIAA11 interaction and consequently causes the accumulation of a higher level of OsIAA11 protein. Moreover, knockdown of the OsIAA11 expression partially rescues the lrt2 mutant phenotype in lateral root development. Together, these results illustrate cyclophilincatalysed peptidyl-prolyl isomerization promotes Aux/IAA degradation, as a mechanism regulating auxin signalling.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modelling of the 3D structure of LRT2 was performed as previously described 54 through the SWISS-Model server (http://swissmodel.expasy.org) using the crystal structure of wheat TaCypA-1 (PDB ID: 4E1Q) as a template 34 . Molecular graphics were presented using PyMOL software (http://www.pymol.org/).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptidyl-prolyl isomerization targets rice Aux/IAAs for proteasomal degradation during auxin signalling

et al. 2015

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“…NO regulates many physiological processes in plants, including responses to phytohormones, such as ABA, cytokinin, auxin, gibberellins, and salicylic acid, immunity against pathogens, senescence, and flowering (15,(27)(28)(29)(30)(31). The deficiency in NO generation in the nia1nia2noa1 triple mutant results in ABA-hypersensitive stomatal closure (21), suggesting a negative Significance Drought stress induces the accumulation of the plant stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA).…”

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“…Characterization of gsnor1 mutant plants suggested that GSNOR regulates multiple developmental and metabolic programs in Arabidopsis (35). In cytokinin signaling, NO causes S-nitrosylation and inhibition of the histidine phosphotransfer protein AHP1 (Arabidopsis histidine phosphotransfer protein 1) (27). In salicylic acid signaling, the S-nitrosylation of the salicylic acid receptor NPR1 facilitates its oligomerization (31).…”

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“…S1, GSNO, Cys-NO, and SNAP inhibited the activity of SnRK2.6 in a dose-dependent manner, but such inhibitory effects were reversed by DTT, indicating that the effects of NO donors rely on the thiol-based redox status. To determine whether SnRK2.6 is S-nitrosylated in the presence of GSNO, we used a biotinswitch method in which the S-nitrosylated cysteine is labeled with biotin and subsequently detected by antibiotin immunoblot analysis (27,31). As shown in Fig.…”

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Nitric oxide negatively regulates abscisic acid signaling in guard cells by S-nitrosylation of OST1

Wang¹,

Hou³

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

307

207

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The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays important roles in plant development and adaptation to environmental stress. ABA induces the production of nitric oxide (NO) in guard cells, but how NO regulates ABA signaling is not understood. Here, we show that NO negatively regulates ABA signaling in guard cells by inhibiting open stomata 1 (OST1)/sucrose nonfermenting 1 (SNF1)-related protein kinase 2.6 (SnRK2.6) through S-nitrosylation. We found that SnRK2.6 is S-nitrosylated at cysteine 137, a residue adjacent to the kinase catalytic site. Dysfunction in the S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) reductase (GSNOR) gene in the gsnor1-3 mutant causes NO overaccumulation in guard cells, constitutive S-nitrosylation of SnRK2.6, and impairment of ABA-induced stomatal closure. Introduction of the Cys137 to Ser mutated SnRK2.6 into the gsnor1-3/ ost1-3 double-mutant partially suppressed the effect of gsnor1-3 on ABA-induced stomatal closure. A cysteine residue corresponding to Cys137 of SnRK2.6 is present in several yeast and human protein kinases and can be S-nitrosylated, suggesting that the S-nitrosylation may be an evolutionarily conserved mechanism for protein kinase regulation.A bscisic acid (ABA) plays critical roles in seed dormancy and germination, plant growth, and adaptation to environmental challenges (1, 2). Stresses, such as drought and high salt conditions, increase ABA concentration in plants as a result of ABA biosynthesis or ABA release from its inactive, conjugated forms (3). In the presence of ABA, the ABA receptors in the PYR1 (Pyrabactin Resistance 1)/PYL (PYR1-Like)/RCAR (Regulatory Component of ABA receptor) protein family bind to and inhibit the activity of clade A protein phosphatase 2Cs (PP2Cs), which are considered as coreceptors and negative regulators of ABA signaling (4-6). This process then results in the release of sucrose nonfermenting 1 (SNF1)-related protein kinase 2s (SnRK2s) from suppression by the PP2Cs. As central components of the ABA signaling pathway, the activated SnRK2s phosphorylate dozens of downstream effectors to regulate various physiological processes, including stomatal closure, root growth and development, seed dormancy, seed germination, and flowering (7).As the gateway for photosynthetic CO 2 uptake and transpirational water loss, stomata are critical for plant growth and physiology (8). ABA regulates stomatal movement and mutations in ABA biosynthesis genes (9), or in the PYL or SnRK2.6 (also known as OST1) genes cause open-stomata phenotypes (10). On the other hand, dysfunction of the PP2Cs or overexpression of RCAR1/PYL9 causes stomatal closure (5). Among the three SnRK2s, SnRK2.2, -2.3, and -2.6, which are most important for ABA signaling, SnRK2.6 is preferentially expressed in guard cells and plays a critical role in stomatal regulation, whereas SnRK2.2 and -2.3 are mainly expressed in seeds and young seedlings and are thus more important for seed germination and seedling growth (4, 11). SnRK2.6 phosphorylates the slow (S-type) anion channel associated 1 and inward potass...

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Two‐Component Signalling in Plants

Burr

Sacks

Kieber

2014

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Two‐component signalling pathways are used by bacteria to perceive and respond to a wide variety of environmental signals. In their simplest form, these are comprised of a histidine kinase receptor, whose activity is regulated by a signal, and a response regulator, whose activity is controlled by Asp phosphorylation mediated by the histidine kinase. Plants use two‐component elements to respond to endogenous and environmental signals. The plant pathways are either an extended version of the two‐component pathway called a phosphorelay or include degenerated elements that no longer function as histidine kinases. These elements are conserved throughout the plant kingdom, although they are best understood in the model Arabidopsis thaliana . The most complete and best understood of these is the signalling pathway for the phytohormone cytokinin, which is perceived by endoplasmic reticulum‐localised histidine kinase receptors and ultimately regulates the phosphorylation of a set of response regulators that mediate the transcriptional response to cytokinin. Key Concepts: The canonical two‐component system consists of a histidine kinase and response regulator protein. Multiple permutations of the canonical two‐component system exist, including a multistep phosphorelay system. Plants respond to a variety of signals using two‐component signalling systems, including cytokinin, ethylene and light. Two‐component signalling elements are conserved in both dicot and monocot plant species. Cytokinin, a plant hormone, uses a multistep phosphorelay system to transduce its signal from membrane‐bound receptors to the nucleus to mediate transcription of cytokinin response genes.

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S-nitrosylation of phosphotransfer proteins represses cytokinin signaling

Cited by 158 publications

References 53 publications

Peptidyl-prolyl isomerization targets rice Aux/IAAs for proteasomal degradation during auxin signalling

Peptidyl-prolyl isomerization targets rice Aux/IAAs for proteasomal degradation during auxin signalling

Nitric oxide negatively regulates abscisic acid signaling in guard cells by S-nitrosylation of OST1

Two‐Component Signalling in Plants

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