S-ketamine influences strategic allocation of attention but not exogenous capture of attention

Cue-target contingencies modulate voluntary orienting of spatial attention: dissociable effects for speed and accuracy

“…This effect is not uncommon (e.g. Fuchs & Ansorge, 2012;Fuchs, Ansorge, Huber-Huber, Höflich, Lanzenberger, 2015). Of note, SOA did not interact with validity.…”

Neurochemistry of Visual Attention

“…Ketamine influences memory (Malhotra et al, 1996;Morgan and Curran, 2006) and modulates attentional processes (Oranje et al, 2000;Watson et al, 2009;Gunduz-Bruce et al, 2012;Fuchs et al, 2015;von Düring et al, 2019; but see Morgan et al, 2004;van Wageningen et al, 2010). For example, Fuchs et al (2015) investigated the influence of ketamine on top-down attentional control using a visual cueing paradigm. They found ketamine-induced impairments in voluntary attentional shifts to peripheral cues, but no drug effects on involuntary attentional cueing.…”

“…Several studies have found that subanesthetic doses of the NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine induce psychoses-like symptoms in healthy volunteers ( Krystal et al, 1994 ; Malhotra et al, 1996 ). Ketamine influences memory ( Malhotra et al, 1996 ; Morgan and Curran, 2006 ) and modulates attentional processes ( Oranje et al, 2000 ; Watson et al, 2009 ; Gunduz-Bruce et al, 2012 ; Fuchs et al, 2015 ; von Düring et al, 2019 ; but see Morgan et al, 2004 ; van Wageningen et al, 2010 ). For example, Fuchs et al (2015) investigated the influence of ketamine on top-down attentional control using a visual cueing paradigm.…”

“…The role of neurotransmitters in attention processing is less extensively studied than the roles of neuromodulators. However, there is increasing evidence that manipulation of the NMDA receptor with ketamine might have an effect on top-down ( van Wageningen et al, 2010 ; Fuchs et al, 2015 ) and bottom-up attentional processing ( Gunduz-Bruce et al, 2012 ). Most of this evidence comes from EEG studies demonstrating ketamine effects on several attention-related EEG components.…”

Exploring the visual (un)conscious

“…Their results, derived from fMRI as well as behavioral recordings, point to, among other cortical sites, the special roles of the inferior frontal junction and posterior parietal sites in integrating topdown and bottom-up control of object-based attention. Fuchs et al (2015) contribute to our understanding of top-down and bottom-up attentional control by investigating the effects of s-ketamine, a blocker of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors that feature significantly in prefrontal regions, the frontal eye fields as well as the superior colliculus in the midbrain, all of which are implicated in overt and covert deployment of attention. Their findings indicate that the effects of s-ketamine are most prominent in top-down suppression of automatic, bottom-up attentional capture rather than in affecting automatic capture per se.…”