S-band koch snowflake fractal antenna for cubesats

Palacios, Orlando Francois Gonzales; Vargas, Ricardo Erick Diaz; Perez, Jorge Arturo Heraud; Erazo, Segundo Basilio Correa

doi:10.1109/andescon.2016.7836227

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…RFIDs are operated within various microwave frequency bands; among these, UHF-RFIDs provide specific significance in wireless technology. In the RFID domain, reader construction in the UHF band is widely used due to the long read range (1 m-10 m), and this is mostly applicable in container tracking, pallet tracking, parking lot access, and electronic toll fee collection [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. e construction and design of RFID antennas comprise challenges such as size, read range, and bandwidth coverage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

[Retracted] Effects of the FR 4 Substrate Realized in a Circularly Polarized UHF‐RFID Reader Antenna with Fractal Geometry for Enhancing Parameters

Varadhan

Subramanian

Chamatu

2021

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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The proposed RFID reader antenna progressed with perfect electric conductor (PEC) as the radiating element and FR 4 as the substrate to achieve circular polarization, enhancement in bandwidth, and read range. The design presents a CPW feed RFID antenna for near-field reading applications, between the range of 903 MHz to 929 MHz. The operating frequency of the proposed design is 900 MHz, axial ratio of the model is less than 3 dB, impedance bandwidth is 256 MHz, and axial bandwidth is 36 MHz, proving to be adequate for near-field RFID reader applications such as item-level tagging and smart shelf. The proposed antenna model is realized with fractal structure to achieve miniaturization. The developed antenna is optimized using EM software for numerical analysis. The designed antenna is fabricated, and the prototype is characterized in terms of dielectric constant and loss tangent. The obtained results indicate high correlation with simulation results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

[Retracted] Effects of the FR 4 Substrate Realized in a Circularly Polarized UHF‐RFID Reader Antenna with Fractal Geometry for Enhancing Parameters

Varadhan

Subramanian

Chamatu

2021

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…Figure 4 shows the side view of the proposed antenna including the coaxial cable for feeding purposes. In this figure, it can be seen that the total antenna height is 3.604 cm (H + 2SubH) and that although it is large compared to the length of one side of the CubeSat (10 cm) or with other antenna designs such as those reported in [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] in Table 1, the proposed antenna can be part of a Cubesat of more than 1 U, for example, 2 U, 3 U, and so on.…”

Section: E Crossed-dipole Antennamentioning

confidence: 94%

Design of an Ultrawideband Circularly Polarized Printed Crossed-Dipole Antenna Based on Genetic Algorithms for S-Band CubeSat Applications

Simón

Perez-Guerrero

Sosa-Pedroza

et al. 2021

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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As in any satellite, onboard antennas for CubeSats are crucial to establish communication with ground stations or other satellites. According to its application, antennas must comply with standardized requirements related to size, bandwidth, operating frequency, polarization, and gain. This paper presents an ultrawideband circularly polarized two-layer crossed-dipole microstrip antenna for S-band CubeSat applications using genetic algorithms optimization tools included in the 3D electromagnetic simulation software Ansys HFSS. The antenna is constructed on a 10 × 10 cm Cuclad-250 substrate with a back copper flat plane, located at λ/4 at 2.25 GHz operating frequency. The backplane with the exact substrate dimensions improves gain and reduces inside satellite radiation. Measured bandwidth defined by S11 at a −10 dB was higher than 1835 MHz with S11 = −24.68 dB at the central frequency of 2.25 GHz, while measured VSWR at the same frequency was 1.124. At 2.25 GHz, the maximum measured gain and the minimum measured axial ratio in the broadside direction were found to be 6 dBi and 0.22 dB, respectively. There are antenna simulations and measurements, as long as its fabrication guarantees application requirements that make it ready for prespace testing.

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“…Different antenna architectures have been considered in the literature oriented on the use in CubeSats. For instance, planar antennas, particularly patch antennas [2]- [4], along with arrays of patch antennas [5]- [7], and deployable patch antennas [8]. Besides planar types, reflector-based antennas are also utilized [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multibeam Beamforming for Direct Radiating Arrays in Satellite Communications Using Genetic Algorithm

Andrés Vásquez-Peralvo,

Querol,

Ortíz

et al. 2024

IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.

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Recent advancements in onboard satellite communication have enhanced the capability of dynamically modifying the radiation pattern of a Direct Radiating Array (DRA). This is crucial not only for conventional communication satellites like Geostationary Orbit (GEO) but also for those in lower orbits such as Low Earth Orbit (LEO). Key design factors include the number of beams, beamwidth, Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP), and Side Lobe Level (SLL) for each beam. However, a challenge arises in multibeam scenarios when trying to simultaneously meet requirements for the aforementioned design factors which are reflected as uneven power distribution. This leads to over-saturation, especially in centrally located antenna elements due to the activation times per beam, commonly referred to as activation instances. In response to this challenge, this paper presents a method to balance the activation instances across antenna elements for each required beam. Our focus is on beams operating at 19 GHz on a CubeSat positioned 500 km above the Earth's surface. We introduce a Genetic Algorithm (GA)-based algorithm to optimize the beamforming coefficients by modulating the amplitude component of the weight matrix for each antenna element. A key constraint of this algorithm is a limit on activation instances per element, which avoids over-saturation in the Radio Frequency (RF) chain. Additionally, the algorithm accommodates beam requirements such as beamwidth, SLL, pointing direction, and total available power. With the previous key design factors, the algorithm will optimize the required genes to address the desired beam characteristics and constraints. We tested the algorithm's effectiveness in three scenarios using an 8×8 DRA patch antenna with circular polarization, arranged in a triangular lattice. The results demonstrate that our algorithm not only meets the required beam pattern specifications but also ensures a uniform activation distribution across the antenna array.INDEX TERMS Antennas, beamforming, direct radiating array, satellite communications.

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S-band koch snowflake fractal antenna for cubesats

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

[Retracted] Effects of the FR 4 Substrate Realized in a Circularly Polarized UHF‐RFID Reader Antenna with Fractal Geometry for Enhancing Parameters

[Retracted] Effects of the FR 4 Substrate Realized in a Circularly Polarized UHF‐RFID Reader Antenna with Fractal Geometry for Enhancing Parameters

Design of an Ultrawideband Circularly Polarized Printed Crossed-Dipole Antenna Based on Genetic Algorithms for S-Band CubeSat Applications

Multibeam Beamforming for Direct Radiating Arrays in Satellite Communications Using Genetic Algorithm

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