S-100 protein in human chondrocytes

Stefánsson, Kāri; Wollmann, Robert L.; Moore, Blake W.; Arnason, Barry G. W.

doi:10.1038/295063a0

Cited by 271 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This was further stressed by the absence of S-100 protein in most tumor cells of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, a marker rather consistently present in neoplastic chondrocytes. 26,30,31 In addition, aggrecan, another typical gene product of chondrocytes, was not found in extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas. However, one extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma specimen, identical in most areas to the others examined, showed focal areas of chondroid differentiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas do not show a chondrocytic phenotype

2004

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Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma is a rare mesenchymal soft-tissue malignancy of putative chondrocytic differentiation. Occasional overt cartilage formation, positivity for S-100 protein, and ultrastructural analysis have supported this view. However, most extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas do not show chondroid tissue formation, and S-100 protein is found much less commonly than has been reported. Both these observations cast doubt on the histogenetic classification of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma as a chondroblastic entity. Mostly using matrix proteins as markers of mesenchymal cell differentiation, we investigated the biochemical matrix composition and cellular phenotype of the tumor cells in representative specimens from 14 extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas. In all but one tumor specimen, which showed histomorphologically overt cartilage formation, only occasional staining for the proteoglycan aggrecan was found. Specimens from two tumors showed presence of collagen type II, and none was positive for collagen type X. Instead, collagen types I, III, and VI were diffusely positive. Also, S-100 protein was largely absent. Our results suggest that the basic cellular phenotype of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma is not chondrocytic or prechondrocytic and that extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma is not a chondrosarcomatous entity. Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma consists most likely of primitive mesenchymal cells with focal, multidirectional differentiation. Chondrocytic differentiation is an unusual facet in the spectrum of differentiation patterns exhibited by these lesions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas do not show a chondrocytic phenotype

2004

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“…The tissue was characterized pathologically with the assistance of Lent Johnson, Distinguished Scientist, Division of Bone Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC. Specific cell types were identified by immunostaining for von Willebrand's factor (endothelial cells), smooth muscle actin, and S-100 protein [a useful marker for chondrocytes (19,20)]. Additional immunostaining was performed for type II collagen (Biodesign).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of transforming growth factor β1 in arterial endothelium causes hyperplasia, apoptosis, and cartilaginous metaplasia

Schulick

Taylor

Zuo

et al. 1998

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

173

128

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“…The S-100 protein unique to the nervous system is known to be primarily concentrated in the glial cells (5), although it has also been observed in other cells such as adipocytes (17), human chondrocytes (16) or folliculostellate cells of the pituitary gland (14). Biochemical studies have shown that S-100 is a mixture of two predominant components designated as S-100a and S-100b (8).…”

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confidence: 99%