Rye cover crop management impact on soil water content, soil temperature and soybean growth

Wagner-Riddle, Claudia; Gillespie, T. J.; Swanton, Clarence J.

doi:10.4141/cjps94-089

Cited by 38 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Contrary to the effect of low soil temperatures on nodulation process, several studies have reported higher numbers of nodules early in the season with no-till compared to conventional-till (Lindemann et al, 1982;Mendes et al, 2003;Wagner-Riddle et al, 1994). However, nodule weight and activity per plant were noted in some studies to be the same across tillage systems (Lindemann et al, 1982).…”

Section: Soil Nitrogen and Soybean Nodulationmentioning

confidence: 79%

Effect of increasing levels of maize (Zea mays L.) residue on no-till soybean (Glycine max Merr.) in Northern production regions: A review

Vanhie

Deen

Lauzon

et al. 2015

Soil and Tillage Research

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Section: Soil Nitrogen and Soybean Nodulationmentioning

confidence: 79%

Effect of increasing levels of maize (Zea mays L.) residue on no-till soybean (Glycine max Merr.) in Northern production regions: A review

Vanhie

Deen

Lauzon

et al. 2015

Soil and Tillage Research

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“…Crop residue on the soil surface greatly reduces light transmittance to the soil surface compared with bare fallow and this slows drying of the soil surface after rainfall. Radiation received after rainfall is primarily used to evaporate water, and after the soil has dried, the extra radiation on bare fallow causes higher maximum temperatures during daytime in bare fallow soils than under a cover crop residue (Teasdale and Mohler 1993;Wagner-Riddle et al 1994). Temperature and soil moisture monitoring under spring-seeded cover crop residues at Lethbridge indicate that several days after a rainfall event there can be >2 percentage points more moisture (0-15 cm), >5°C lower maximum temperatures (2.5 cm), and >5°C higher minimum temperatures (2.5 cm) under a cover crop residue than on bare fallow .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plant residue returned to the soil can increase the concentration of organic nitrogen in the soil over time and increase crop yields in cover crop treatments compared to bare soil (Odland and Knoblauch 1938). Cover crops have prevented soil erosion (Kessavalou and Walters 1997) and by reducing light transmission to the soil surface have reduced soil temperatures and conserved soil moisture (Wagner-Riddle et al 1994). The reduction in light transmission to the soil surface by fall rye has been related to weed control (Teasdale et al 1991;Teasdale and Mohler 1993) as the germination of several weeds is stimulated by light (Taylorson 1987).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cereal cover crops for weed suppression in a summer fallow-wheat cropping sequence

Moyer¹,

Blackshaw²,

Smith³

et al. 2000

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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S. M. 2000. Cereal cover crops for weed suppression in a summer fallow-wheat cropping sequence. Can. J. Plant Sci. 80: 441-449. Cropping systems in western Canada that include summer fallow can leave the soil exposed to erosion and require frequent weed control treatments. Cover crops have been used for soil conservation and to suppress weed growth. Experiments were conducted under rain-fed conditions at Lethbridge, Alberta to determine the effect of short-term fall rye (Secale cereale L.), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and annual rye cover crops in the fallow year on weed growth and subsequent wheat yield. Under favorable weather conditions fall rye was as effective as post-harvest plus early spring tillage or herbicides in spring weed control. Winter wheat and fall rye residues, after growth was terminated in June, reduced weed biomass in September by 50% compared to no cover crop in 1993 but had little effect on weeds in 1995. Fall-seeded cover crops reduced the density of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber in Wiggers) and Canada thistle [Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.] but increased the density of downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.), wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus L.), and thyme-leaved spurge (Euphorbia serpyllifolia Pers.) in the following fall or spring. Wheat yields after fall rye and no cover crop were similar but yields after spring-seeded annual rye were less than after no cover crop. Spring-seeded annual rye did not adequately compete with weeds. Cover crops, unlike the no cover crop treatment, always left sufficient plant residue to protect the soil from erosion until the following wheat crop was seeded. ) et du seigle de printemps comme couvre-sol temporaire dans la sole de jachère sur la croissance des mauvaises herbes et sur les rendements subséquents du blé. Quand les conditions météorologiques sont favorables, le seigle d'automne était aussi efficace pour la maîtrise des mauvaises herbes printanières que les binages post-récolte plus les façons culturales ou l'emploi des herbicides en début de printemps. Le blé d'hiver et les restes de seigle d'automne laissés après l'interruption de la croissance en juin causaient une diminution de 50 % de la biomasse adventice en septembre par rapport aux traitements sans culture couvre-sol, mais en 1995 leur effet sur les mauvaises herbes était faible. Les couvre-sol semés en automne diminuaient la densité d'infestation du pissenlit (Taraxacum officinale Weber in Wiggers) et du chardon des champs [Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.], mais ils provoquaient l'accroissement de la densité du brome des toits (Bromus tectorum L.), de la renouée liseron (Polygonum convolvulus L.) et de l'euphorbe à feuilles de serpolets (Euphorbia serpyllifolia Pers.) l'automne ou le printemps suivant. Le rendement du blé obtenu suivant une culture de seigle d'automne était le même qu'après une jachère nue, mais après une culture de seigle de printemps il était inférieur. Le seigle semé au printemps ne parvenait pas à soutenir la concurrence des mauvaises herbes. À la différence de...

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“…Other previous studies have found that 2 wk between the kill date of a vetchcereal rye mix (Clark et al, 1994) or cereal rye (Wagner-Riddle et al, 1994;Raimbult et al, 1991;Clark et al, 1997) and the cash crop planting date did not affect crop yield. Furthermore, fall rye grown to the early-to late-boot stage and killed 7 to 10 d before planting corn did not reduce corn yield (Duiker and Curran, 2005).…”

Section: Spring Wheat Grain Yield and Nitrogen Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Fall Rye Reduced Residual Soil Nitrate and Dryland Spring Wheat Grain Yield

et al. 2017

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A gronomy J our n al • Volume 10 9, I ssue 2 • 2 017 P ost-harvest seeding of cover crops reduces the risk of wind erosion and nutrient loss through leaching and runoff during the non-growing season, while increasing the biodiversity and resilience of prairie cropping systems (Martens et al., 2015). Yet, few studies have directly investigated late-summer to-fall seeded cover crop management practices in semiarid regions (e.g., Moyer and Blackshaw, 2009;Blackshaw et al., 2010;Liebig et al., 2015; Th omas et al., 2016a), which constrains their adoption by farmers (Liebig et al., 2015). A better understanding of how cover crop management practices impact subsequent annual crop performance could provide important knowledge to advance the use of cover crops in semiarid regions of North America.Th orup-Kristensen (1993) coined the term "pre-emptive competition" to describe the eff ect whereby cover crops assimilate N, but then decompose and mineralize too slowly to supply the retained N to the succeeding crop. Th us, the N supply to the subsequent crop depends on complex interactions among the cover crop characteristics, soil and climatic properties, and the succeeding crop itself (Th orup- Kristensen et al., 2003). For instance, oilseed radish decomposed more quickly than barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in southern Manitoba (Halde and Entz, 2016), while glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine]-killed fall rye consistently reduced unfertilized spring wheat yield relative to no cover crop in southern Alberta (Moyer and Blackshaw, 2009). Whether oilseed radish may scavenge N as effi ciently as fall rye and subsequently decompose and mineralize to supply N to the succeeding crop has not been determined in southern Alberta.Fall rye and oilseed radish are two contrasting cover crops. Fall rye is a perennial monocotyledon with an extensive fi brous root system, while oilseed radish is an annual dicotyledon with a large taproot. Fall rye must be killed prior to planting the succeeding cash crop, chemical burndown (herbicide treatment) in spring being a common method, whereas oilseed A quadratic function explained 93% of the variability between pre-plant soil NH 4 -N plus NO 3 -N (0-7.5-cm depth) and spring wheat grain yield in 2014, indicating that the N supply limited spring wheat grain yield. We conclude that fall rye scavenged residual NO 3 -N better than oilseed radish during the non-growing season, particularly during the spring period when this perennial species assimilates N, but under semiarid conditions it may decompose and mineralize too slowly to supply N at the right time for the subsequent crop, while oilseed radish tended to boost spring wheat grain yield.

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Rye cover crop management impact on soil water content, soil temperature and soybean growth

Cited by 38 publications

References 7 publications

Effect of increasing levels of maize (Zea mays L.) residue on no-till soybean (Glycine max Merr.) in Northern production regions: A review

Effect of increasing levels of maize (Zea mays L.) residue on no-till soybean (Glycine max Merr.) in Northern production regions: A review

Cereal cover crops for weed suppression in a summer fallow-wheat cropping sequence

Fall Rye Reduced Residual Soil Nitrate and Dryland Spring Wheat Grain Yield

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