Ryanodine Receptors Matter for Cardiac Function in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

The Effect of Acidic Residues on the Binding between Opicalcin1 and Ryanodine Receptor from the Structure–Functional Analysis

“…10 Diseases will appear when RyR is abnormal. 11,12 For instance, certain mutations in the transmembrane region of RyR1 lead to malignant hyperthermia (MH) and central core disease (CCD), 13,14 while mutations in the amino, carboxyl terminus, and central domain of RyR2 cause catecholaminergic polymorphic vascular tachycardia (CPVT). 15 Calcin is a group of cell-penetrating peptides found in scorpion toxins that exhibit high affinity and specificity for RyR binding.…”

“…Among them, the head of the “mushroom” is located in the cytoplasm, accounting for about 80% of the total protein structure, and mainly composed of a large number of α-helices. − Each homologous tetramer’s transmembrane domain contains at least six transmembrane helices, with four connected to form spiral bundles and the other two involved in forming the central pore domain. , When various messages from the cytoplasm affect the phosphorylation or the protein binding, for example, CaM and FKBP, the channel gating is significantly influenced, ultimately leading to alterations in SR Ca 2+ release and physiological processes . Diseases will appear when RyR is abnormal. , For instance, certain mutations in the transmembrane region of RyR1 lead to malignant hyperthermia (MH) and central core disease (CCD), , while mutations in the amino, carboxyl terminus, and central domain of RyR2 cause catecholaminergic polymorphic vascular tachycardia (CPVT) …”