RW‐2018—Research Workshop: The Effect of Nutrition on Epigenetic Status, Growth, and Health

Skinner, Michael K.; Lumey, L. H.; Fleming, Tom P.; Sapienza, Carmen; Hoyo, Cathrine; Aronica, Lucia; Thompson, Jeff; Nichol, Peter F.

doi:10.1002/jpen.1536

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Although several diseases are caused by genetic factors, i.e., by alterations in the DNA sequence, a large number of diseases are now influenced by environmental factors that cause chemical modifications of the DNA by epigenetic mechanisms without altering its sequence [ 82 ]. The effects of environmental factors on the epigenome are more prominent and could shape adult phenotypes when the exposure to these factors happens early in life during critical periods of development, such as prenatal, postnatal, childhood and early adulthood [ 83 ].…”

Section: Early-life Nutrition and Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Life Nutrition and Mental Health: The Role of DNA Methylation

Bekdash

2021

Nutrients

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Does the quality of our diet during early life impact our long-term mental health? Accumulating evidence suggests that nutrition interacts with our genes and that there is a strong association between the quality of diet and mental health throughout life. Environmental influences such as maternal diet during pregnancy or offspring diet have been shown to cause epigenetic changes during critical periods of development, such as chemical modifications of DNA or histones by methylation for the regulation of gene expression. One-carbon metabolism, which consists of the folate and methionine cycles, is influenced by the diet and generates S-Adenosylmethinoine (SAM), the main methyl donor for methylation reactions such as DNA and histone methylation. This review provides current knowledge on how the levels of one-carbon metabolism associated micronutrients such as choline, betaine, folate, methionine and B vitamins that play a role in brain function can impact our well-being and mental health across the lifespan. Micronutrients that act as methyl donors for SAM formation could affect global or gene methylation, altering gene expression and phenotype. Strategies should then be adopted to better understand how these nutrients work and their impact at different stages of development to provide individualized dietary recommendations for better mental health outcomes.

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Section: Early-life Nutrition and Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Life Nutrition and Mental Health: The Role of DNA Methylation

Bekdash

2021

Nutrients

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“…Verlinden I et al reported that PN induced DNA methylation disruption in the 2- to 4-year-old pediatric population, independent of gestational age at birth [ 16 ]. A recent workshop (2018) by the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) reported that the quality of nutrition in early childhood and exposure to xenobiotics could increase the risk of developing metabolic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and even mental illness [ 37 ]. PN is a source of xenobiotics, such as H 2 O 2 , lipid aldehydes and organic peroxides [ 8 , 9 , 38 , 39 ], all of which interfere with glutathione, thus weakening the child’s antioxidant defense.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutathione Supplementation Prevents Neonatal Parenteral Nutrition-Induced Short- and Long-Term Epigenetic and Transcriptional Disruptions of Hepatic H2O2 Metabolism in Guinea Pigs

Mungala Lengo,

Mohamed,

Lavoie

2024

Nutrients

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The parenteral nutrition (PN) received by premature newborns is contaminated with peroxides that induce global DNA hypermethylation via oxidative stress. Exposure to peroxides could be an important factor in the induction of chronic diseases such as those observed in adults who were born preterm. As endogenous H2O2 is a major regulator of glucose–lipid metabolism, our hypothesis was that early exposure to PN induces permanent epigenetic changes in H2O2 metabolism. Three-day-old guinea pigs were fed orally (ON), PN or glutathione-enriched PN (PN+GSSG). GSSG promotes endogenous peroxide detoxification. After 4 days, half the animals were sacrificed, and the other half were fed ON until 16 weeks of age. The liver was harvested. DNA methylation and mRNA levels were determined for the SOD2, GPx1, GCLC, GSase, Nrf2 and Keap1 genes. PN induced GPx1 hypermethylation and decreased GPx1, GCLC and GSase mRNA. These findings were not observed in PN+GSSG. PN+GSSG induced Nrf2 hypomethylation and increased Nrf2 and SOD2 mRNA. These observations were independent of age. In conclusion, in neonatal guinea pigs, PN induces epigenetic changes, affecting the expression of H2O2 metabolism genes. These changes persist for at least 15 weeks after PN. This disruption may signify a permanent reduction in the capacity to detoxify peroxides.

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“…The epigenome can be shaped by nutritional states [93,94]. Susceptibility occurs particularly at the time when critical developmental processes are taking place, but also in adulthood diet can affect epigenetic marks.…”

Section: The Epigenetic Legacy Of Icu Feedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epigenetic legacy of ICU feeding and its consequences

Vanhorebeek

Berghe²

2023

Current Opinion in Critical Care

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Purpose of reviewMany critically ill patients face physical, mental or neurocognitive impairments up to years later, the etiology remaining largely unexplained. Aberrant epigenetic changes have been linked to abnormal development and diseases resulting from adverse environmental exposures like major stress or inadequate nutrition. Theoretically, severe stress and artificial nutritional management of critical illness thus could induce epigenetic changes explaining long-term problems. We review supporting evidence.Recent findingsEpigenetic abnormalities are found in various critical illness types, affecting DNA-methylation, histone-modification and noncoding RNAs. They at least partly arise de novo after ICU-admission. Many affect genes with functions relevant for and several associate with long-term impairments. As such, de novo DNA-methylation changes in critically ill children statistically explained part of their disturbed long-term physical/neurocognitive development. These methylation changes were in part evoked by early-parenteral-nutrition (early-PN) and statistically explained harm by early-PN on long-term neurocognitive development. Finally, long-term epigenetic abnormalities beyond hospital-discharge have been identified, affecting pathways highly relevant for long-term outcomes.SummaryEpigenetic abnormalities induced by critical illness or its nutritional management provide a plausible molecular basis for their adverse effects on long-term outcomes. Identifying treatments to further attenuate these abnormalities opens perspectives to reduce the debilitating legacy of critical illness.

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RW‐2018—Research Workshop: The Effect of Nutrition on Epigenetic Status, Growth, and Health

Cited by 6 publications

References 60 publications

Early Life Nutrition and Mental Health: The Role of DNA Methylation

Early Life Nutrition and Mental Health: The Role of DNA Methylation

Glutathione Supplementation Prevents Neonatal Parenteral Nutrition-Induced Short- and Long-Term Epigenetic and Transcriptional Disruptions of Hepatic H2O2 Metabolism in Guinea Pigs

The epigenetic legacy of ICU feeding and its consequences

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