Ruthenium (Ru) Doped Titanium Dioxide (P25) Electrode for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells

Rajaramanan, Tharmakularasa; Muthukumarasamy, N.; Ravirajan, Punniamoorthy; Senthilnanthanan, Meena; Velauthapillai, Dhayalan

doi:10.3390/en13071532

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…As shown in the Figure 5, these Nyquist plots are related to the charge recombination resistance (R2) across the TiO2/electrolyte interface, with a partial contribution from electron transport and accumulation in TiO2 photoanode [39]. R2 value of the undoped and Zn-doped TiO2 photoanodes-based DSSCs can be estimated from the diameter of the respective semicircles [13]; a high R2 value indicates low charge recombination rate [13,40]. In the present study, the R2 value of undoped TiO2 is lower than those of 0.5 and 1.0 mol% Zn-doped TiO2 based DSSCs and higher than that of 1.5 and 2.0 mol% Zn-doped TiO2 based device.…”

Section: Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (Eis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although TiO 2 exhibits the desired performance in ultraviolet light, its overall performance is still limited because of low mobility of porous TiO 2 [8] and its limited spectral response wide bandgap (3.0-3.2 eV) that cannot make use of visible light [9]. Several strategies were investigated and reported to overcome this limitation, which include preparation of nanocomposites [10][11][12], doping/codoping [5,13,14], and synthesis of particles with different nanostructures [15,16], such as nanorods, nanowires, nanotubes, etc. Among these strategies, doping/co-doping displays major impacts on the band structure and trap states of TiO 2, and hence, alters its properties such as conduction band energy, charge transport, recombination, and collection significantly [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these strategies, doping/co-doping displays major impacts on the band structure and trap states of TiO 2, and hence, alters its properties such as conduction band energy, charge transport, recombination, and collection significantly [17]. Even though nonmetals, alkaliearth metals, and rare-earth elements are being used as dopants, transition metal doped TiO 2 nanomaterials are notable candidates for photovoltaic and photocatalytic degradation applications as they improve absorption in the visible region and suppress relaxation and recombination of charge carriers [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cost Effective Solvothermal Method to Synthesize Zn-Doped TiO2 Nanomaterials for Photovoltaic and Photocatalytic Degradation Applications

et al. 2021

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Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a commonly used wide bandgap semiconductor material for energy and environmental applications. Although it is a promising candidate for photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications, its overall performance is still limited due to low mobility of porous TiO2 and its limited spectral response. This limitation can be overcome by several ways, one of which is doping that could be used to improve the light harvesting properties of TiO2 by tuning its bandgap. TiO2 doped with elements, such as alkali-earth metals, transition metals, rare-earth elements, and nonmetals, were found to improve its performance in the photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications. Among the doped TiO2 nanomaterials, transition metal doped TiO2 nanomaterials perform efficiently by suppressing the relaxation and recombination of charge carriers and improving the absorption of light in the visible region. This work reports the possibility of enhancing the performance of TiO2 towards Dye Sensitised Solar Cells (DSSCs) and photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) by employing Zn doping on TiO2 nanomaterials. Zn doping was carried out by varying the mole percentage of Zn on TiO2 by a facile solvothermal method and the synthesized nanomaterials were characterised. The XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) studies confirmed the presence of anatase phase of TiO2 in the synthesized nanomaterials, unaffected by Zn doping. The UV-Visible spectrum of Zn-doped TiO2 showed a red shift which could be attributed to the reduced bandgap resulted by Zn doping. Significant enhancement in Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE) was observed with 1.0 mol% Zn-doped TiO2 based DSSC, which was 35% greater than that of the control device. In addition, it showed complete degradation of MB within 3 h of light illumination and rate constant of 1.5466×10−4s−1 resembling zeroth order reaction. These improvements are attributed to the reduced bandgap energy and the reduced charge recombination by Zn doping on TiO2.

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Section: Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (Eis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cost Effective Solvothermal Method to Synthesize Zn-Doped TiO2 Nanomaterials for Photovoltaic and Photocatalytic Degradation Applications

et al. 2021

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“…Among these, TiO 2 is considered a gold standard due to its significant characteristics, such as strong optical absorption, favorable band edge position, nontoxicity, and abundant availability [13,14]. However, the wide bandgap energy (~3.2 eV) of TiO 2 necessitates UV irradiation, but the composites of TiO 2 with co-catalysts enable the catalysts to absorb visible light abundant in solar radiation [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SnS2/TiO2 Nanocomposites for Hydrogen Production and Photodegradation under Extended Solar Irradiation

et al. 2021

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Earth–abundant transition metal chalcogenide materials are of great research interest for energy production and environmental remediation, as they exhibit better photocatalytic activity due to their suitable electronic and optical properties. This study focuses on the photocatalytic activity of flower-like SnS2 nanoparticles (composed of nanosheet subunits) embedded in TiO2 synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method. The materials were characterized using different techniques, and their photocatalytic activity was assessed for hydrogen evolution reaction and the degradation of methylene blue. Among the catalysts studied, 10 wt. % of SnS2 loaded TiO2 nanocomposite shows an optimum hydrogen evolution rate of 195.55 µmolg−1, whereas 15 wt. % loading of SnS2 on TiO2 exhibits better performance against the degradation of methylene blue (MB) with the rate constant of 4.415 × 10−4 s−1 under solar simulated irradiation. The improved performance of these materials can be attributed to the effective photo-induced charge transfer and reduced recombination, which make these nanocomposite materials promising candidates for the development of high-performance next-generation photocatalyst materials. Further, scavenging experiments were carried out to confirm the reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in the photocatalytic degradation. It can be observed that there was a 78% reduction in the rate of degradation when IPA was used as the scavenger, whereas around 95% reduction was attained while N2 was used as the scavenger. Notably, very low degradation (<5%) was attained when the dye alone was directly under solar irradiation. These results further validate that the •OH radical and the superoxide radicals can be acknowledged for the degradation mechanism of MB, and the enhancement of degradation efficiency may be due to the combined effect of in situ dye sensitization during the catalysis and the impregnation of low bandgap materials on TiO2.

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“…Recently, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have attracted much attention because they can obtain high power conversion efficiencies at a low fabrication cost [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Among the components of DSSCs, mesoporous and nanocrystalline metal oxide electrodes are of key importance for their superior photovoltaic properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Ordered TiO2 Nanotube Electrodes for Efficient Quasi-Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Lee

Kim

2020

Energies

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Free-standing TiO2 nanotube (NT) electrodes have attracted much attention for application in solid- or quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) because of their suitable pore structure for the infiltration of solid electrolytes. However, few studies have been performed on the relationship between nanostructures of these NT electrodes and the photovoltaic properties of the solid- or quasi-solid-state DSSCs. Here, we prepare vertically aligned and highly ordered TiO2 NT electrodes via a two-step anodization method for application in quasi-solid-state DSSCs that employs a polymer gel electrolyte. The length of NT arrays is controlled in the range of 10–42 μm by varying the anodization time, and the correlation between NT length and the photovoltaic properties of quasi-solid-state DSSCs is investigated. As the NT length increases, the roughness factor of the electrode is enlarged, leading to the higher dye-loading; however, photovoltage is gradually decreased, resulting in an optimized conversion efficiency at the NT length of 18.5 μm. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis reveals that the decrease in photovoltage for longer NT arrays is mainly attributed to the increased electron recombination rate with redox couples in the polymer gel electrolyte.

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Ruthenium (Ru) Doped Titanium Dioxide (P25) Electrode for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

Cost Effective Solvothermal Method to Synthesize Zn-Doped TiO2 Nanomaterials for Photovoltaic and Photocatalytic Degradation Applications

Cost Effective Solvothermal Method to Synthesize Zn-Doped TiO2 Nanomaterials for Photovoltaic and Photocatalytic Degradation Applications

SnS2/TiO2 Nanocomposites for Hydrogen Production and Photodegradation under Extended Solar Irradiation

Highly Ordered TiO2 Nanotube Electrodes for Efficient Quasi-Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

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