Ruthenium Catalyzed Reductive Transformation of Itaconic Acid and Ammonia Into 3‐ and 4‐Methyl‐pyrrolidone

Louven, Yannik; Schute, Kai; Palkovits, Regina

doi:10.1002/cctc.201801751

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The reductive amination of itaconic acid has been reported to selectively produce pyrrolidones. One prominent example is on a Ru/C catalyst reported by Palkovits et al [193] that converted itaconic acid into N-unsubstituted pyrrolidones with ammonia (0.5 MPa) as nitrogen source and gaseous H 2 (15 MPa) as reductant, reaching a total yields of 83% towards 3-methylpyrrolidone and 4-methylpyrrolidone at 200 °C after 4 h of reaction time.…”

Section: Reductive Amination Of Biomass-derived Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable access to renewable N-containing chemicals from reductive amination of biomass-derived platform compounds

et al. 2020

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Section: Reductive Amination Of Biomass-derived Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable access to renewable N-containing chemicals from reductive amination of biomass-derived platform compounds

et al. 2020

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“…[25] Additionally, vinyl pyrrolidone can be synthesized from glutamic acid, which is a by-product of biofuel production. [56][57][58] When this synthesis will be used for the commercial production of vinyl pyrrolidone, bio-based PVP-co-GMA copolymers can be synthesized.…”

Section: Human D-dimer Elisamentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Reactive Amphiphilic Copolymers on Mechanical Properties and Cell Responses of Fibrin‐Based Hydrogels

Enezy-Ulbrich

Malyaran

Lange

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

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Mechanical properties of hydrogels can be modified by the variation of structure and concentration of reactive building blocks. One promising biological source for the synthesis of biocompatible hydrogels is fibrinogen. Fibrinogen is a glycoprotein in blood, which can be transformed enzymatically to fibrin playing an important role in wound healing and clot formation. In the present work, it is demonstrated that hybrid hydrogels with their improved mechanical properties, tunable internal structure, and enhanced resistance to degradation can be synthesized by a combination of fibrinogen and reactive amphiphilic copolymers. Water‐soluble amphiphilic copolymers with tunable molecular weight and controlled amounts of reactive epoxy side groups are used as reactive crosslinkers to reinforce fibrin hydrogels. In the present work, copolymers that can influence the mechanical properties of fibrin‐based hydrogels are used. The reactive copolymers increase the storage modulus of the hydrogels from 600 Pa to 30 kPa. The thickness of fibrin fibers is regulated by the copolymer concentration. It could be demonstrated that the fibrin‐based hydrogels are biocompatible and support cell proliferation. Their degradation rate is considerably slower than that of native fibrin gels. In conclusion, fibrin‐based hydrogels with tunable elasticity and fiber thickness useful to direct cell responses like proliferation and differentiation are produced.

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“…Due to environmental problems with current plastics, producing degradable polymers and elastomers from bio-renewable resources is of significant interest [116,117]. The U.S. Department of Energy includes IA as one of the 12 building blocks that can be transformed into varied high-value bio-based chemicals or materials from biomass (Figure 3) [35,118,119]. Because of the development of biotechnological techniques and cost reductions (price <1 US$/kg), IA became a prospective commodity chemical [120].…”

Section: Major Applications Of Iamentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass-Derived Production of Itaconic Acid as a Building Block in Specialty Polymers

2019

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Biomass, the only source of renewable organic carbon on Earth, offers an efficient substrate for bio-based organic acid production as an alternative to the leading petrochemical industry based on non-renewable resources. Itaconic acid (IA) is one of the most important organic acids that can be obtained from lignocellulose biomass. IA, a 5-C dicarboxylic acid, is a promising platform chemical with extensive applications; therefore, it is included in the top 12 building block chemicals by the US Department of Energy. Biotechnologically, IA production can take place through fermentation with fungi like Aspergillus terreus and Ustilago maydis strains or with metabolically engineered bacteria like Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum. Bio-based IA represents a feasible substitute for petrochemically produced acrylic acid, paints, varnishes, biodegradable polymers, and other different organic compounds. IA and its derivatives, due to their trifunctional structure, support the synthesis of a wide range of innovative polymers through crosslinking, with applications in special hydrogels for water decontamination, targeted drug delivery (especially in cancer treatment), smart nanohydrogels in food applications, coatings, and elastomers. The present review summarizes the latest research regarding major IA production pathways, metabolic engineering procedures, and the synthesis and applications of novel polymeric materials.

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Ruthenium Catalyzed Reductive Transformation of Itaconic Acid and Ammonia Into 3‐ and 4‐Methyl‐pyrrolidone

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

Sustainable access to renewable N-containing chemicals from reductive amination of biomass-derived platform compounds

Sustainable access to renewable N-containing chemicals from reductive amination of biomass-derived platform compounds

Impact of Reactive Amphiphilic Copolymers on Mechanical Properties and Cell Responses of Fibrin‐Based Hydrogels

Biomass-Derived Production of Itaconic Acid as a Building Block in Specialty Polymers

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