Russian exploitation of Aleuts and fur seals: The archaeology of eighteenth- and early-nineteenth-century settlements in the Pribilof Islands, Alaska

Veltre, Douglas W.; McCartney, Allen P.

doi:10.1007/bf03374356

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The primary materials used in this analysis consist of 20 northern fur seal ( Callorhinus ursinus , hereafter NFS) bones from the historic (from late 1780s to early 1800s AD ) occupation of Zapadni on St. Paul Island in the Pribilof Islands, Alaska (Veltre & McCartney, ). These samples were chosen for several reasons.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Sodium Hydroxide Treatment and Ultrafiltration on the Removal of Humic Contaminants from Archaeological Bone

Szpak

Krippner

Richards

2017

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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This study compared bone collagen extraction techniques that included treatment with sodium hydroxide and 30 kDa ultrafilters using a set of well-preserved, humic-contaminated archaeological marine mammal bones. Treatment with sodium hydroxide was effective at removing humic contaminants from archaeological bone, although yields were significantly decreased. Yields were also significantly decreased by ultrafiltration although this study produced no evidence that 30 kDa ultrafilters were effective at selectively removing humic contaminants from archaeological bone. The combination of sodium hydroxide treatment and ultrafiltration did not produce superior results to the treatment involving only sodium hydroxide. Archaeological samples exhibiting darker colouration indicative of humic contamination should be treated with sodium hydroxide to remove these contaminants.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Sodium Hydroxide Treatment and Ultrafiltration on the Removal of Humic Contaminants from Archaeological Bone

Szpak

Krippner

Richards

2017

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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“…In July, 2000, one of us (DWV), along with A.P. McCartney, made a brief inspection of the cave to assess its potential for future investigations (Veltre and McCartney, 2002). At that time, hundreds of animal bones and tooth plates were found littering the cave floor, indicating that the vertical shaft of the cave had served as an effective natural trap.…”

Section: Discovery and Reconnaissance Of Qagnax Cavementioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of faunal extinction and paleoclimatic change from mid-Holocene mammoth and polar bear remains, Pribilof Islands, Alaska

et al. 2008

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Cave, a lava tube cave on St. Paul Island in the Pribilofs, has recently produced a mid-Holocene vertebrate faunal assemblage including woolly mammoth, polar bear, caribou, and Arctic fox. Several dates on the mammoth remains converge on 5700 14C yr BP. These dates, ~ 2300 yr younger than mammoth dates previously published from the Pribilof Islands, make these the youngest remains of proboscideans, and of non-extinct Quaternary megafauna, recovered from North America. Persistence of mammoths on the Pribilofs is most parsimoniously explained by the isolation of the Pribilofs and the lack of human presence in pre-Russian contact times, but an additional factor may have been the local existence of high-quality forage in the form of grasses enriched by nutrients derived from local Holocene tephras. This interpretation is reinforced by stable carbon and nitrogen isotope values obtained from the mammoth remains. The endpoint of mammoth survival in the Pribilofs is unknown, but maybe coterminous with the arrival of polar bears whose remains in the cave date to the Neoglacial cold period of ~ 4500 to 3500 14C yr BP. The polar bear record corroborates a widespread cooling of the Bering Sea region at that time.

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“…Both prestige contests and violent competition is evident in the use of artifacts of personal adornment, competitive games and feasting, large whale hunting, defensive sites and mortuary treatment (Fitzhugh, 2003;Davis et al, 2016;Steffian et al, 2016). The last phase in this history was initiated by Russian conquest in the late 18 th century, when conscription of Native hunters for sea otter harvesting, impacts of epidemic diseases and missionization transformed Indigenous communities across the region (Veltre and McCartney, 2002;Lührmann, 2008). The U.S. purchase of Alaska, followed by the explosion of commercial salmon, cod, crab, and other fisheries, further altered Native lifestyles in the late 19 th and 20 th centuries (Pullar, 1992).…”

Section: Visual Interpretation Of Proxy Population Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Paleodemography and Paleoecology of the North Pacific Rim from the Mid to Late Holocene

et al. 2022

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Using 14 proxy human population time series from around the North Pacific (Alaska, Hokkaido and the Kuril Islands), we evaluate the possibility that the North Pacific climate and marine ecosystem includes a millennial-scale regime shift cycle affecting subsistence and migration. We develop both visual and statistical methods for addressing questions about relative population growth and movement in the past. We introduce and explore the use of a Time Iterative Moran I (TIMI) spatial autocorrelation method to compare time series trends quantitatively – a method that could prove useful in other paleoecological analyses. Results reveal considerable population dynamism around the North Pacific in the last 5000 years and strengthen a previously reported inverse correlation between Northeast and Northwest Pacific proxy population indices. Visual and TIMI analyses suggest multiple, overlapping explanations for the variability, including the potential that oscillating ecological regime shifts affect the North Pacific basin. These results provide an opening for coordinated research to unpack the interrelated social, cultural and environmental dynamics around the subarctic and arctic North Pacific at different spatial and temporal scales by international teams of archaeologists, historians, paleoecologists, paleoceanographers, paleoclimatologists, modelers and data management specialists.

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Russian exploitation of Aleuts and fur seals: The archaeology of eighteenth- and early-nineteenth-century settlements in the Pribilof Islands, Alaska

Cited by 19 publications

References 5 publications

Effects of Sodium Hydroxide Treatment and Ultrafiltration on the Removal of Humic Contaminants from Archaeological Bone

Effects of Sodium Hydroxide Treatment and Ultrafiltration on the Removal of Humic Contaminants from Archaeological Bone

Patterns of faunal extinction and paleoclimatic change from mid-Holocene mammoth and polar bear remains, Pribilof Islands, Alaska

Human Paleodemography and Paleoecology of the North Pacific Rim from the Mid to Late Holocene

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