Russia: A Re-emerging Donor

BRICS, the southern model, and the evolving landscape of development assistance: Toward a new taxonomy

“…Brazil also provides some debt relief, with large amounts going to emergency assistance (Institute for Applied Economic Research, 2013: 161). Russia provides debt relief, food supply, capacity building, concessional loans, scholarships, and grants (Larionova, Rakhmangulov, & Berenson, ). As the Russian Federation (2014) states in its program for development assistance, priorities consist of “allocation of targeted grants ( … ); provision of concessional loans ( … ); provision of technical assistance( … ); provision of debt relief (…); provision of tariff preferences (…).” India provides concessional loans and technical support, which largely go to its neighbors—Bhutan and Nepal (Ministry of External Affairs, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014).…”

“…Whereas aid from Arab countries is mostly untied (Kragelund, ; Manning, ; Neumayer, ), Russia has tied its development assistance to the purchase of goods in the country (Larionova et al, : 79). In one of the documents analyzed, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation (2014) says that Russia “makes target contributions for the implementation of international programs using the capacities of international organizations, and provision of other assistance bearing in mind that the Russian Federation reserves the right to exercise its own discretion in making decisions with regard to the choice of the recipient State, the nature of assistance, the dispatch of Russian experts to provide technical assistance (trilateral assistance), as well as the procurement of non‐primary goods and services”.…”