Russelioside B: a Pregnane Glycoside with Pharmacological Potential

Abstract

Pregnanes and pregnane glycosides or their esters are well-studied secondary metabolites, many of them exhibit immunomodulator, anticancer, antidiabetic, antarthritic, antiulcer, anti-nociceptive, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. Pregnane glycosides are widely distributed in the families Apocyanaceae and Asclepiadaceae. Plant members of the genus Caralluma R.Br., Apocynaceae, are among the most studied species because of uses in traditional medicine or as food. They are a rich source of pregnane glycosides, as russelioside B. However, the bioactivity profile of this pregnane glycoside has not been reviewed until now. The present review aims to summarize the most important pharmacological and therapeutic applications of russelioside B with specific emphasis on the mechanism of actions associated with its administration in preclinical models. Russelioside B has many pharmacological effects including antidiabetic, anti-obesity, anti-nociceptive, antiulcer, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritis effects, and antibiofilm, and wound healing activities. Despite its outstanding pharmacotherapeutic potential, russelioside B has never been tested in clinical trials. This review indicates that russelioside B is a potentially promising bioactive candidate, but further deeper mechanistic studies and clinical trials are needed in the future to elucidate its interaction with receptors of specific genes.

New Pregnane Glycosides from Mandevilla dardanoi and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity

“…39 (s, OCH 3 ), δ H 3.60 (s, OCH 3 ), δ H 3.46 (s, OCH 3 ), and δ H 3.38 (s, OCH 3 ) indicated the existence of five osidic units in the structure of 1. This evidence was corroborated by the presence of the signals in the 13 C NMR spectrum corresponding to five anomeric carbons at δ C 102. 9, 100.9, 100.8, 99.0, and 97.3, five methyl carbons at δ C 19.0, δ C 18.9, δ C 18.4, δ C 17.5, and δ C 17.2, and five methoxy carbons at δ C 59.3, δ C 58.9, δ C 56.8, δ C 56.7, and δ C 56.…”

“…The 1 H and 13 C NMR data (Tables 1 and 2 and supporting information) showed characteristic signals (chemical shifts given in ppm) of pregnane glycosides already isolated from the Mandevilla genus. The hydrogen signals at δ H 5.75 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, H-16) corresponding to an acetal group hydrogen, δ H 5.41 (m, H-6), an olefinic hydrogen, δ H 4.58 (t, J = 2.4 Hz, H-20) and 3.81 (m, H-3), oxymethinic hydrogens, 1.06 (s, CH 3 -18) and 0.…”

“…Composed of a steroidal scaffold, the pregnane (C 21 ) and seco-pregnane-type glycosides mainly occur in Apocynaceae, Malpighiaceae, Ranunculaceae, and Zygophyllaceae families [11]. This class of compounds has demonstrated remarkable biological activities, including anticancer, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antibacterial properties [12][13][14][15][16]. Considering the medicinal potential of Mandevilla species, the current study aimed to isolate novel bioactive pregnane derivatives from the roots of M. dardanoi.…”

Delving the Role of Caralluma fimbriata: An Edible Wild Plant to Mitigate the Biomarkers of Metabolic Syndrome

“…Controlling postprandial hyperglycemia and fat absorption through inhibition of enzymes responsible for glycoside and lipid hydrolysis should help to reduce MS complications [ 26 ]. The hypoglycemic action of the pregnane glycoside is mainly attributed to the lowering of intestinal glucose absorption or stimulation of pancreatic insulin production [ 58 ].…”

Caralluma pauciflora based Ag-NPs activate ROS - induced apoptosis through down-regulation of AKT, mTOR and pI3K signaling in human gastric cancer (AGS) cells

“…Caralluma pauciflora is a medicinal plant that contains a variety of chemical compounds with medicinal properties. Some of the major chemical compounds found in C. pauciflora include: Steroidal compounds: C. pauciflora contains various steroidal compounds, including pregnane glycosides and flavone glycosides [9]. These compounds have been shown to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties [10].…”