Rurality in England and Wales 1981: A replication of the 1971 index

Cloke, Paul; Edwards, Gareth

doi:10.1080/09595238600185271

Cited by 154 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…At the end of the 1980s, Cloke and Edwards (1986) First, he presents agriculture as an activity which regulates agricultural landscape development and as a source of job opportunities. According to Pezzini, in addition to jobs in agriculture, jobs in the public sector are also important.…”

Section: Aim Of the Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method was also used to define rural areas in Czechia as part of the Rural Development Programme This discrepancy can be partially removed by using integrated OECD methods 6 . Based on a different perception of rural areas, a different scale of units and the very differentiated settlement structure of the individual countries, the OECD method employs a significant second step, which modifies the three types of regions defined above, according to the size of the largest city in the region:…”

Section: Using Statistical Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theoretical approaches of methods to delimitate rural and urban areas

Perlín¹

2010

European Countryside

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Abstract:The delimitation of rural and urban municipalities as well as the delimitation of contiguous rural areas has not been sufficiently resolved in either academic literature or legislative practice. In relation to the scale and size of their administrative units, different countries use very different methods for delimiting rural municipalities that are based on simple counts of the population, on a municipality's position in the system of public administration or on a combination of multiple socio-economic factors. For the delimitation of rural areas, the various EU member states utilize a method based on population density in relatively large NUTS III regions. This article discusses divergent approaches to the delimitation of rural municipalities, on the one hand, and the delimitation of contiguous rural areas, on the other. Concepts concerning the delimitation of rural municipalities, along with differing characteristics leading to the delimitation of rural municipalities for the statistical processing of large amounts of data or characteristics for subjective evaluations of a small group of units, are discussed using the example of Czechia's settlement structure. The article then focuses on the critical evaluation of methods used for the delimitation of rural areas and, on the basis of various tested variations, proposes a new method for delimiting rural areas in Czechia, using modified OECD criteria. Changes arising both from the significantly smaller units of observation, where instead of considering units at the NUTS III level -regions (kraj) in Czechia, we consider 384 administrative regions of Municipalities with Extended Powers (MEP), as well as from variable changes to the critical values of population density so as to better account for the Czech settlement structure. The article emphasizes the necessity of using different approaches in studying the delimitation of rural municipalities and rural areas, at various scale levels, and the inappropriateness of using the methods of delimitation for rural areas that are currently used for all EU member states, at the national scale. 183pro stanovení městských obcí v národních statistikách a jsou diskutovány velmi rozdílné hladiny počtu obyvatel obce v jednotlivých státech Evropy, aby mohla být označena jako městská obec. Kritika je také zaměřena na použití administrativně správních kritérií pro vymezení městských a tím i doplňkově městských obcí. Při vymezení venkova je důraz kladen na rozdílné přístupy pro stanovení venkovských obcí/sídel a venkovského prostoru. Ukazatele charakterizující venkovskou obce by měly být vztaženy pouze k sídlu a v venkovské obce jsou tedy v území nespojité. Příkladem takových ukazatelů je například počet obyvatel nebo počet/podíl vyjíždějících či jiné ukazatele vztahující se k obyvatelstvu. Ukazatele, které vymezují venkovský prostor, by měly být vztaženy k ploše a tím umožňují spojité kontinuální vymezení venkovského prostoru. Příkladem takových ukazatelů jsou různé modifikace hustoty zalidnění. Na základě zvolených ukaz...

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Section: Aim Of the Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Using Statistical Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical approaches of methods to delimitate rural and urban areas

Perlín¹

2010

European Countryside

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“…The TTWAs were drawn from all of the economic regions except London and covered the full range along the urban/rural continuum as defined by Cloke and Edwards (1986) plus metropolitan areas. A full listing of the TTWAs selected is presented in Table 1 and the methods used to draw the sample of firms are given in Stephen, Love, Paterson and Farmer (1989), Love, Stephen, Gillanders and Paterson (1991) and McGough, O'Brien, .…”

Section: Responses To Deregulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deregulation of Conveyancing Markets in England and Wales

1994

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“…It is possible to find many authors and institutions that define rural areas (e.g. Cloke & Edwards, 1986;DEFRA, 2011;Du Plessis, Beshiri, Bollman, & Clemenson, 2002;Mze Č r, 2007;U.S. Census Bureau, 2010), but these definitions vary from author to author and from country to country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using a fuzzy inference system to delimit rural and urban municipalities in the Czech republic in 2010

et al. 2014

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Due to the suburbanisation process, it is becoming more difficult to properly define rural and urban areas in the Czech Republic. This delimitation problem has been intensively studied in Europe, including the Czech Republic, for decades, but only so-called 'crisp' rules have been set for the categorisation of urban and rural. This is no longer satisfactory because of substantial population movements. Our research focuses on applying fuzzy set theory to the delimitation of rural and urban areas and on the subsequent advanced cartographic visualisation. We used the principles of fuzzy regulation, or fuzzy inference systems, on socio-economic data to show the transitional character of municipalities. The generated Main map is at scale of 1:500,000, whereas secondary maps are at scale of 1:2,500,000. Map visualisation of municipalities in the Czech Republic provides a very unique combination of geographical information science, cartography and modern geo-computational methods. Information perception via a map is an adequate way to analyse geographic information, and the problem of delimiting rural and urban areas can be suitably visualised using these methods.

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Rurality in England and Wales 1981: A replication of the 1971 index

Cited by 154 publications

References 5 publications

Theoretical approaches of methods to delimitate rural and urban areas

Theoretical approaches of methods to delimitate rural and urban areas

Deregulation of Conveyancing Markets in England and Wales

Using a fuzzy inference system to delimit rural and urban municipalities in the Czech republic in 2010

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