Rural-Urban Migration and Employment Quality: A Case Study from Thailand

Amare, Mulubrhan; Hohfeld, Lena; Jitsuchon, Somchai; Waibel, Hermann

doi:10.2139/ssrn.2094740

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is, therefore, clear from the findings that remittance was spent largely on households' up keep. This agrees with the observations of de Haas (2007) and Reda et al (2012) that remittances are mainly spent on households" daily consumption rather than investments in agriculture and entrepreneurial activities. But it can be inferred from Table 8 that remittances were largely spent on basic needs as 62.8% (27.3 + 23.9 + 11.6) except housing and investment.…”

Section: Uses Of Remittances By Householdssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Current trends in migration in Africa also seem to have significant socio-cultural effects on households and communities, because migration is now becoming an important livelihood strategy worldwide (Reda et al, 2012;Ghana-United Nattions, 2017;UNDP, 2011). It is believed to be one of the most important elements that trigger rural-urban migration especially; in developing countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Rural-urban migration and household livelihood in the Agona West Municipality, Ghana

Tanle¹,

Ogunleye-Adetona²,

Arthor³

2020

J. Geogr. Reg. Plann.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rural-urban migration, a multidimensional phenomenon, is becoming part of the daily reality in Ghana and many other developing countries. For instance, the impact of migration on households whose member(s) migrated is relatively not very clear. A study was therefore undertaken to examine and explain the impact of rural-urban migration on rural migrant's households' livelihood in three communities in Agona West Municipality, Ghana. Snowballing technique was used to select and interviewed 121 respondents to obtain information on the motives of migration and the impact of remittances on household livelihoods. Eight male and female heads of households were purposively selected from each village for the focus group discussion. Frequencies, percentages, diagrams and tables were used to explain the data obtained. The study identified two types of households; the migrant and non-migrant households. Also it was observed that males, were often forced to migrate because of their poor living conditions and low educational attainment, the better-off migrant households characterized with higher educational attainment on the other hand, often migrate in order to accumulate more wealth. The better-off migrant households are therefore positively impacted; better access to health-care, more education opportunities, and agriculture than the poor migrant households. The study therefore recommended that government policy on poverty and employment especially for rural areas need to be revisited for better employment opportunities in the rural areas for the young adults and thereby curb the drift to urban areas.

show abstract

Section: Uses Of Remittances By Householdssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural-urban migration and household livelihood in the Agona West Municipality, Ghana

Tanle¹,

Ogunleye-Adetona²,

Arthor³

2020

J. Geogr. Reg. Plann.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sometimes, social customs require migrated women to return to the home village or a nearby town when they are at the marriageable age (Davin, 1996). Migrants with higher qualifications are prone to migrate to larger cities and presumably greater distances to exploit their human capital (Reda, Hohfeld, Jitsuchon, & Waibel, 2012), whereas unskilled migrants are considerably more constrained in terms of their geographic and economic mobility (Fan & Stark, 2008). In contrast, some people favor smaller cities where jobs are generally less demanding and competitive and a work-life balance can be more easily achieved than in large cities (Lauby & Stark, 1988).…”

Section: Migration and Destination Choicementioning

confidence: 99%

Migration destinations in the urban hierarchy in China: Evidence from Jiangsu

Hao

Tang

2017

Population Space and Place

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over the past quarter century, the mobilization of the human resources stored in China's rural hinterland has propelled the country's economic boom and urban explosion. Whereas the “first‐tier” cities and a couple dozen provincial capitals exert a strong pull on rural citizens, towns and cities in the middle and lower orders of the urban hierarchy also attract tens of millions of rural migrants. The pattern of migration and the settlement intention of the migrants who currently float between the urban and rural realms critically determine where and how China's urbanization is yet to progress. This paper explores the destination choice of rural migrants in the Jiangsu province. A multinomial logit model of intraprovincial migration is estimated, in which rural migrants choose from the 4 tiers in the urban hierarchy: large and extralarge cities, medium‐sized cities, small cities, and townships. Regression results suggest that rural migrants with different backgrounds and origins are attracted to different tiers of urban destinations. Culture, gender, educational attainment, occupation, and rural landholdings together function as a selection mechanism to sort rural migrants into various cities and towns. Other factors such as age, marital status, and income disparities, which typically drive migration, are not influential factors in deciding the destination choice. Among the migrant population, the choices of those who take up jobs (migrant workers) and those who seize business opportunities (migrant entrepreneurs) are dissimilarly affected by their socioeconomic characteristics and rural landholdings.

show abstract

“…With the current living conditions from a resident viewpoint, rural-to-urban migration is a probable decision made by the individual living in Thailand. Subsequently, the over-saturation of rural-to-urban migrants will continue to contribute towards rural-urban segregation of wage dispersion and overall income inequality of the population [28]. Countermeasures suggested by Todaro and Smith [6] include discouraging rural-to-urban migration by directing governmental policy to fight poverty towards the agricultural or non-agricultural sector of the areas specifically where the majority of the poor reside.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational Income Inequality of Thailand: A Case Study of Exploratory Data Analysis beyond Gini Coefficient

Sudswong¹,

Plangprasopchok²,

Amornbunchornvej³

2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Income inequality is an important issue that has to be solved in order to make progress in our society. The study of income inequality is well received through the Gini coefficient, which is used to measure degrees of inequality in general. While this method is effective in several aspects, the Gini coefficient alone inevitably overlooks minority subpopulations (e.g. occupations) which results in missing undetected patterns of inequality in minority.In this study, the surveys of incomes and occupations from more than 12 millions households across Thailand have been analyzed by using both Gini coefficient and network densities of income domination networks to get insight regarding the degrees of general and occupational income inequality issues. The results show that, in agricultural provinces, there are less issues in both types of inequality (low Gini coefficients and network densities), while some non-agricultural provinces face an issue of occupational income inequality (high network densities) without any symptom of general income inequality (low Gini coefficients). Moreover, the results also illustrate the gaps of income inequality using estimation statistics, which not only support whether income inequality exists, but that we are also able to tell the magnitudes of income gaps among occupations. These results cannot be obtained via Gini coefficients alone. This work serves as a use case of analyzing income inequality from both general population and subpopulations perspectives that can be utilized in studies of other countries.

show abstract

Rural-Urban Migration and Employment Quality: A Case Study from Thailand

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Rural-urban migration and household livelihood in the Agona West Municipality, Ghana

Rural-urban migration and household livelihood in the Agona West Municipality, Ghana

Migration destinations in the urban hierarchy in China: Evidence from Jiangsu

Occupational Income Inequality of Thailand: A Case Study of Exploratory Data Analysis beyond Gini Coefficient

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About